Mūlasarvāstivāda

An early Buddhist school whose monastic discipline, the Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya, became influential in Tibet and parts of Central Asia.

Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya: A large collection of monastic rules and narratives preserved by the Mūlasarvāstivāda school. This school is best known through the discipline collection transmitted under its name.
Tibetan Buddhism: The forms of Buddhism that developed in Tibet and neighboring Himalayan regions. Tibetan monastic communities adopted the Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya.
Early Buddhist schools: The monastic traditions that developed as Buddhism diversified in ancient India. Mūlasarvāstivāda was one of the schools formed during this early diversification.
Gilgit manuscripts: Buddhist manuscripts discovered near Gilgit, Pakistan, including substantial Mūlasarvāstivāda materials. They preserve important witnesses to the school's textual heritage.
Buddhist sectarianism: The historical formation and differentiation of Buddhist schools and lineages. The school's emergence belongs to a larger process whose chronology and causes remain contested.
Vinaya: The Buddhist body of rules and procedures governing monastic communities. The Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya is one tradition within this broader discipline literature.
Tibetan Buddhist monasticism: The institutions and practices of ordained Buddhist life in Tibetan traditions. Its monks follow the Mūlasarvāstivāda discipline lineage.
Sarvāstivāda: An early Buddhist school known for the doctrine that dharmas exist in past, present, and future. Its relationship to Mūlasarvāstivāda is historically debated and central to identifying the school's origins.
Dunhuang manuscripts: A large collection of manuscripts preserved in the Mogao Caves near Dunhuang, China. Some manuscripts document Mūlasarvāstivāda texts and Buddhist networks in Central Asia.
Buddhist Sanskrit literature: Buddhist writings composed or transmitted in Sanskrit and related literary languages. The school's surviving texts raise questions about language, composition, and textual history.

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