Napalm

Napalm is a gelled, highly flammable fuel mixture that adheres to surfaces and burns intensely. It has been used in incendiary weapons and other military applications.

Gasoline: Gasoline is a volatile liquid fuel composed chiefly of hydrocarbons. It supplied the flammable fuel in many historical napalm formulations.
Harvard University: Harvard University is a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. A wartime research team there developed the first widely used napalm formulation.
M2 flamethrower: The M2 flamethrower was a portable U.S. military weapon used during World War II and the Korean War. It projected napalm fuel as a burning stream against targets.
Phan Thi Kim Phuc: Phan Thi Kim Phuc is a Vietnamese survivor of a 1972 napalm attack who became an international advocate for peace. Her experience and the photograph of her fleeing the attack brought napalm's human cost to global attention.
Aluminum soaps: Aluminum soaps are salts of fatty acids used as thickeners and gelling agents. They were used to gel fuel in early napalm mixtures.
Louis Fieser: Louis Fieser was an American organic chemist known for work on vitamin K and incendiary fuels. He led the Harvard team that developed the original napalm mixture.
M69 incendiary bomb: The M69 was a U.S. incendiary bomb designed to ignite buildings and other targets. It dispersed a napalm-like incendiary mixture in firebombing raids.
The Terror of War: The Terror of War is Nick Ut's 1972 photograph of children fleeing a napalm attack near Trang Bang, Vietnam. The Pulitzer Prize-winning image became an enduring symbol of the war and napalm's effects.
Combustion: Combustion is a chemical reaction in which a fuel reacts with an oxidizer, releasing heat and often light. Napalm's effects arise from fuel combustion, not from a separate explosive reaction.
World War II: World War II was a global conflict fought from 1939 to 1945. The United States developed napalm during this war for military use.

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