Linked from

The 32 pages that link to Nature-based solutions, each with the reason it gives.

• WetlandNarrower topic: Wetland conservation and restoration can reduce flood risk while supporting biodiversity.

• Wastewater treatmentNarrower topic: Constructed wetlands and similar systems contrast with energy-intensive engineered plants.

• Biodiversity lossRelated: These interventions connect biodiversity recovery with climate adaptation and other social goals.

• Urban ecologyRelated: These interventions use ecological processes to address urban heat, flooding, and other pressures.

• Flood controlRelated: A central question is when ecological measures can complement or replace engineered defenses.

• Biodiversity conservationRelated: These approaches connect biodiversity goals with climate adaptation and other human needs.

• MangroveNarrower topic: Mangrove conservation can address coastal risk while supporting biodiversity and livelihoods.

• Wetland conservationNarrower topic: Wetland restoration can reduce floods and coastal hazards while rebuilding habitat.

• Coastal protectionNarrower topic: This broader approach includes ecosystem-based defenses as alternatives or complements to rigid barriers.

• River restorationNarrower topic: River projects often use ecological processes to reduce flood and drought risks.

• International Union for Conservation of NatureRelated: IUCN helped develop a global standard for assessing nature-based solutions.

• Climate financeRelated: Climate finance can support ecosystem restoration that stores carbon and reduces climate risks.

• Green infrastructureNarrower topic: Green infrastructure is often treated as an urban application of this broader approach.

• Coastal squeezeRelated: Their effectiveness depends partly on whether projects preserve space for coastal habitats to migrate.

• River engineeringCompared with: These approaches use wetlands and floodplains to complement or replace some engineered defenses.

• Salt marshRelated: Marsh conservation can complement engineered approaches to coastal flood risk.

• Coastal managementNarrower topic: This broader approach includes restoring natural coastal features as protective infrastructure.

• Mangrove restorationRelated: Mangrove restoration is used as an ecosystem-based response to coastal hazards and climate change.

• Climate resilienceRelated: Wetlands and urban trees can reduce climate hazards while supporting ecosystem functions.

• Coastal engineeringNarrower topic: This broader approach includes coastal interventions that rely on ecosystem functions.

• Coastal wetlandNarrower topic: Wetland conservation and restoration can complement engineered coastal defenses.

• Urban infrastructureCompared with: They can complement or replace some conventional engineered infrastructure.

• MarshNarrower topic: Marsh conservation can address flooding and erosion while sustaining habitat.

• Plant conservationRelated: These approaches can link plant habitat protection with climate and community goals.

• Climate change and forestsRelated: Forest protection and restoration can contribute to climate mitigation and adaptation.

• Coral islandRelated: Healthy reefs and vegetation can reduce wave energy and support island resilience.

• Coastal urbanizationRelated: Restored wetlands and dunes can reduce hazard exposure while supporting coastal habitats.

• Water managementCompared with: These approaches use wetlands and landscapes alongside or instead of built structures.

• EcohydrologyRelated: Ecohydrological knowledge helps assess how ecosystem processes can reduce floods, drought, and water pollution.

• Effects of climate change on small island countriesRelated: Mangroves, reefs, and wetlands can reduce hazards while sustaining island biodiversity and livelihoods.

• Flood control in the NetherlandsCompared with: Wetlands and dunes can complement engineered defenses while supporting ecological functions.

• Flood managementCompared with: Wetlands and floodplains can store water while providing ecological benefits.