Knowra Nitrosation Nitrosation Nitrosation transfers a nitroso group (–NO) to an atom or molecule. It occurs in chemical synthesis and in biological environments, where its products can include N-nitroso compounds.
Nitrosonium ion : The positively charged NO⁺ ion, a potent electrophile that participates in nitrosation reactions. It is a central nitrosating species in acidic solutions.
Nitroso group : The functional group –N=O, consisting of nitrogen bonded to oxygen and attached to another atom or group. It is the group transferred during nitrosation.
Nitrosamines : Compounds containing an N–N=O group, many of which form by nitrosation of secondary amines. They are prominent products of amine nitrosation and are monitored for health risks.
Nitration : A chemical process that introduces a nitro group, –NO₂, into a molecule. It transfers or installs –NO₂ rather than the –NO group characteristic of nitrosation.
Nitrous acid : A weak, unstable acid with formula HNO₂ that can generate reactive nitrosating species in solution. Its acid-dependent reactions provide a common route to nitrosating agents.
Amines : Organic compounds derived from ammonia in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by carbon-containing groups. Their nitrogen atoms are frequent targets of nitrosation.
S-nitrosothiols : Compounds containing an S–N=O linkage, formed when a nitroso group attaches to thiol sulfur. They store and transfer nitric oxide bioactivity through S-nitrosation.
Nitrosylation : The coordination or attachment of a nitrosyl unit, commonly NO, to a metal center or biomolecule. The term often describes binding of NO, not nitroso-group transfer to an atom.
Nitrosyl cation : The NO⁺ ion, also called the nitrosonium ion, especially when discussed as a bound or solvated nitrosyl species. Nitrosation chemistry often describes transfer from an NO⁺-equivalent donor.
Thiols : Organic compounds containing a sulfhydryl group, –SH, bonded to carbon. Their sulfur atoms can accept a nitroso group to form S-nitrosothiols.
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