Nnamdi Azikiwe

Nnamdi Azikiwe was a Nigerian nationalist, journalist, and politician who became Nigeria’s first president, serving from 1963 until a military coup in 1966.

Nationalism in Nigeria: Political movements advocating Nigerian self-government and national independence from British colonial rule. Azikiwe became a leading voice for Nigerian self-government through journalism and political organizing.
Herbert Macaulay: A Nigerian nationalist, engineer, and politician who opposed British colonial rule. Macaulay partnered with Azikiwe to establish the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons.
President of Nigeria: The head-of-state office of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Azikiwe held this office from the creation of the republic until the 1966 coup.
Independence of Nigeria: The end of British colonial rule and establishment of Nigeria as an independent state on 1 October 1960. Azikiwe became governor-general at independence and was central to the new nation’s politics.
Howard University: A historically Black university in Washington, D.C., founded in 1867. Azikiwe studied there during his years in the United States.
Obafemi Awolowo: A Nigerian nationalist and politician who led the Action Group and later served as premier of Western Nigeria. Awolowo was a major political rival with a distinct regional base and party.
Prime Minister of Nigeria: The head-of-government office in Nigeria’s parliamentary system from independence until 1966. The prime minister, not the president, directed the federal government under the First Republic.
National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons: A Nigerian nationalist political party founded in 1944 by Herbert Macaulay and Nnamdi Azikiwe. The party made Azikiwe a central organizer in the campaign for self-government.
University of Pennsylvania: A private research university in Philadelphia, founded in 1740. Azikiwe earned graduate degrees there before returning to West Africa.
Ahmadu Bello: A Nigerian politician who led the Northern People’s Congress and served as premier of Northern Nigeria. Bello’s northern political leadership counterbalanced Azikiwe’s influence in the east.

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