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The 46 pages that link to Number theory, each with the reason it gives.

• David HilbertRelated: Hilbert’s work on number fields helped shape modern algebraic number theory.

• Carl Friedrich GaussNarrower topic: Gauss transformed the subject with systematic results on congruences and quadratic forms.

• Bernhard RiemannNarrower topic: Questions about prime numbers led Riemann to his celebrated hypothesis.

• Euclid's ElementsNarrower topic: Books VII through IX develop divisibility, primes, and properties of numbers.

• CombinatoricsRelated: It overlaps with combinatorics in divisibility, partitions, and arithmetic counting problems.

• Paul ErdősNarrower topic: Erdős used elementary and probabilistic methods to establish results about prime numbers and other integers.

• Fermat's little theoremNarrower topic: The theorem became a basic result in the modern study of divisibility and primes.

• AlgebraRelated: Algebraic methods often expose structure in integer equations and divisibility problems.

• André WeilNarrower topic: Arithmetic questions supplied many of the problems Weil recast geometrically.

• Pierre de FermatNarrower topic: Fermat’s conjectures and theorems helped establish number theory as a central mathematical field.

• Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressionsNarrower topic: The theorem is a landmark result about how primes occupy integer residue classes.

• Harmonic analysisRelated: Exponential sums connect harmonic techniques with prime distribution and arithmetic patterns.

• Srinivasa RamanujanNarrower topic: Its questions about primes, partitions, and divisibility run through Ramanujan’s research.

• DiophantusNarrower topic: Problems associated with Diophantus became part of the later study of integer solutions.

• Disquisitiones ArithmeticaeNarrower topic: The book helped establish number theory as a systematic mathematical discipline.

• Marin MersenneNarrower topic: Mersenne’s name remains attached to a distinctive family of numbers studied in this field.

• Schur's theoremNarrower topic: Schur's original proof linked additive color patterns to questions about integer equations.

• Carl Gustav Jacob JacobiNarrower topic: Jacobi’s contributions include results on sums of squares and quadratic forms.

• Wacław SierpińskiNarrower topic: His research included problems about integers, primes, and Diophantine equations.

• ArithmeticNarrower topic: Number theory investigates patterns and structure in the numbers arithmetic calculates with.

• John Horton ConwayNarrower topic: Conway’s work ranged from quadratic forms to the structure of integers.

• Sophie GermainNarrower topic: Her work on Fermat’s equation used properties of primes and divisibility.

• Integer sequenceNarrower topic: Integer sequences often reveal divisibility and prime-number patterns.

• James Joseph SylvesterNarrower topic: Sylvester’s research included prime numbers, partitions, and Diophantine questions.

• Peter Gustav Lejeune DirichletNarrower topic: Dirichlet’s principal results concern primes, divisibility, and arithmetic structure.

• Infinite descentNarrower topic: Infinite descent became a recurring proof method in the study of integer equations.

• Minkowski's theorem (geometry of numbers)Narrower topic: The theorem applies geometric reasoning to questions about integer solutions and approximations.

• Pure mathematicsRelated: It develops deep results about whole numbers without requiring practical motivation.

• Catalan's conjectureNarrower topic: The conjecture is a landmark problem about integer powers.

• Wilson's theoremNarrower topic: The theorem emerged from eighteenth-century investigations of prime numbers and congruences.

• Pafnuty ChebyshevNarrower topic: Chebyshev’s results on prime numbers became landmarks in the study of integers.

• Qin JiushaoNarrower topic: His congruence method is a major historical contribution to integer arithmetic.

• Discrete mathematicsRelated: Integer structure supplies many classic discrete problems and cryptographic tools.

• Erdős–Straus conjectureNarrower topic: The conjecture is an unresolved statement about integer-indexed rational identities.

• Fermat polygonal number theoremNarrower topic: The theorem belongs to the study of additive representations of integers.

• Pentagonal number theoremNarrower topic: Generalized pentagonal exponents connect the identity to arithmetic properties of integers.

• Robert LanglandsNarrower topic: Langlands’s conjectures recast arithmetic questions in terms of symmetries and representations.

• Serge LangNarrower topic: Lang’s research and conjectures helped shape modern arithmetic geometry.

• Ngô Bảo ChâuNarrower topic: The Langlands program connects the harmonic-analysis results to arithmetic questions.

• Richard K. GuyNarrower topic: Guy’s research and problem writing repeatedly returned to questions about integers.

• Sophie Germain's identityNarrower topic: The identity’s fame comes chiefly from its role in integer divisibility arguments.

• Gotthold EisensteinNarrower topic: Eisenstein’s work on primes and reciprocity belongs to this broader field.

• Melanie WoodNarrower topic: Wood studies arithmetic questions about number fields, groups, and integer-valued structures.

• Midy's theoremNarrower topic: Midy’s theorem belongs to number theory through its use of primes, remainders, and divisibility.

• Proth's theoremNarrower topic: The theorem emerged from questions about the structure and testing of primes.

• Von Staudt–Clausen theoremNarrower topic: The theorem links rational-number denominators to divisibility conditions on primes.