Object (grammar)

An object is a sentence constituent typically selected by a verb or preposition. It can receive an action, complete a relation, or mark a participant in an event.

Verb: A word or phrase that expresses an action, event, state, or relation. Verbs commonly select objects and determine their grammatical roles.
Direct object: An object that is directly governed by a verb, often denoting the action's patient or theme. It is the most familiar object role in a transitive clause.
Subject (grammar): A clause constituent commonly associated with the verb's agreement and grammatical subject role. Subjects and objects occupy distinct roles, even when both name participants.
Passive voice: A grammatical construction that promotes an underlying object or patient to subject position. Passivization commonly changes a transitive clause's object into its subject.
Transitivity: The grammatical property describing whether a verb takes one or more objects. It predicts whether a verb can appear with an object.
Indirect object: An object that commonly denotes a recipient, beneficiary, or other participant alongside a direct object. It shows how one verb can license more than one object.
Subject complement: A phrase that identifies or describes the subject after a linking verb. It resembles an object complement but relates to the subject, not an object.
Dative shift: An alternation in which a recipient is expressed as an object or in a prepositional phrase. It changes how recipient and theme roles map onto object positions.
Noun phrase: A phrase headed by a noun or pronoun that can function as a sentence constituent. Many objects are noun phrases.
Object of a preposition: A noun phrase or pronoun governed by a preposition. It is the preposition-governed use included in this concept's definition.

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