Panama City (Panama)

Panama’s capital and largest city, on the Pacific coast near the Panama Canal’s Pacific entrance. Its historic center, modern skyline, and role as a regional hub reflect the country’s position between two continents.

Panama Canal: A ship canal across Panama connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Its Pacific entrance lies beside the city, linking urban growth to global maritime trade.
Pedrarias Dávila: A Spanish colonial governor who founded Panama City in 1519. He established the original settlement that preceded the present historic districts.
Panama Canal Zone: A former United States-administered territory surrounding the Panama Canal from 1903 to 1979. Its presence shaped the capital’s economy, growth, and political geography for decades.
Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty: The 1903 treaty granting the United States control over the Panama Canal Zone. Its terms placed a foreign-controlled zone beside the capital and fueled lasting disputes.
Panama Bay: A large inlet of the Pacific Ocean on Panama’s southern coast. The bay shapes the city’s waterfront and its relationship with the Pacific.
Henry Morgan: A Welsh privateer who attacked and captured Panama City in 1671. His raid led to the destruction and relocation of the original settlement.
Port of Balboa: A major Pacific port at the entrance to the Panama Canal. The port links the city’s metropolitan economy directly to canal shipping.
Torrijos–Carter Treaties: The 1977 agreements that set the transfer of the Panama Canal to Panama. They ended the canal-zone arrangement that had divided the capital’s surroundings.
Panama Province: A province in central Panama that includes the national capital. The city anchors the province that shares its name.
Panama Viejo: The archaeological remains of Panama City’s original settlement, founded in 1519. The abandoned ruins show where the city began before its relocation.

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