Pascal's law

Pascal's law states that a pressure change applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid and to its container walls.

Hydraulic press: A machine that uses pressure in a confined liquid to multiply force. Its unequal piston areas turn equal transmitted pressure into a larger output force.
Hydraulic brake: A braking system that uses pressurized fluid to transfer pedal force to braking mechanisms. Pressure from the master cylinder reaches wheel brakes through enclosed brake fluid.
Fluid statics: The study of fluids at rest and the pressures and forces within them. Pascal's law is a foundational relation for fluids in static equilibrium.
Archimedes' principle: A principle stating that a body immersed in fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the displaced fluid's weight. It concerns buoyancy, not transmission of an applied pressure change.
Hydraulic cylinder: An actuator that converts hydraulic pressure into linear motion and force. It applies the fluid pressure to a piston that drives a load.
Hydraulic jack: A lifting device that uses pressurized liquid to raise a heavy load. A small input force can lift a load through pressure acting on a larger piston.
Pascal (unit): The SI unit of pressure, equal to one newton per square metre. Pressure changes in the law are measured in pascals.
Bernoulli's principle: A relation connecting pressure, speed, and height along steady flow of an ideal fluid. It describes pressure changes associated with fluid motion rather than uniform pressure transmission.
Hydraulic fluid: A liquid that transmits power in hydraulic systems while lubricating and protecting components. Its near-incompressibility helps pressure changes pass through the system.
Hydraulic elevator: An elevator raised by a piston driven by pressurized hydraulic fluid. The piston converts transmitted fluid pressure into upward force on the car.

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