Pipe organ

A keyboard instrument that produces sound by directing pressurized air through pipes. Its stops select groups of pipes with distinct pitches and timbres.

Organ pipe: A resonant tube that produces a pitched sound when air excites its air column. Each pipe supplies a particular pitch and tone color when its valve opens.
Rank (organ): A set of organ pipes of one tone color, usually with one pipe for each key. A stop commonly controls one rank or a defined combination of ranks.
Hydraulis: An ancient Greek water-powered organ that used hydraulic pressure to regulate air supply. It is the earliest well-documented ancestor of the pipe organ.
Organ repertoire: Music written or adapted for performance on the pipe organ. The repertoire exploits the instrument’s sustained tones, multiple keyboards, and broad range.
Reed organ: A free-reed keyboard instrument that produces sound with metal reeds rather than organ pipes. It uses airflow and stops like a pipe organ but generates sound differently.
Organ stop: A control that selects a rank or combination of ranks in an organ. Stops let the player change which pipes sound and how the instrument is voiced.
Manual (keyboard): A keyboard played by the hands, especially one of the multiple keyboards on an organ. Separate manuals can control distinct divisions and contrasting pipe groups.
Roman organ: A pipe organ used in the Roman world, often in public spectacles and ceremonies. Roman evidence shows the instrument spreading beyond its Hellenistic origins.
Church music: Music composed or performed for Christian worship and related religious settings. Churches have been a principal setting for the pipe organ and its repertoire.
Accordion: A portable free-reed instrument whose bellows supply air to reeds controlled by keys or buttons. Its reeds and hand-operated bellows contrast with the pipe organ’s fixed pipes and wind system.

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