Linked from
The 25 pages that link to Polynomial ring, each with the reason it gives.
Algebraic geometryRelated: Its ideals encode collections of polynomial equations.
Formal power seriesRelated: Polynomials are the finite expressions that formal series extend.
Invariant theoryRelated: Polynomial invariants form a central algebraic object in the subject.
IdealRelated: Polynomial ideals encode equations and relations among variables.
Free objectRelated: Polynomial rings freely adjoin commuting indeterminates to a coefficient ring.
Noether normalization lemmaRelated: The subalgebra guaranteed by the lemma is a polynomial ring.