Pompey

Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus was a Roman general and politician whose military conquests and alliance with Julius Caesar made him a dominant figure in the late Roman Republic.

Julius Caesar: A Roman general and politician who became dictator and transformed the Roman Republic. His partnership with Pompey collapsed into a struggle for control of Rome.
First Triumvirate: An informal political alliance between Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus, formed in 60 BCE. It joined Pompey’s influence to Caesar’s ambitions and Crassus’s wealth.
Third Mithridatic War: A Roman war against Mithridates VI of Pontus, fought from 73 to 63 BCE. Pompey’s victory reshaped Roman power across the eastern Mediterranean.
Caesar's civil war: The Roman civil war beginning in 49 BCE, fought between Julius Caesar and forces loyal to the Senate and Pompey. The collapse of Pompey’s alliance with Caesar became its central confrontation.
Marcus Licinius Crassus: A Roman politician and financier who was one of the wealthiest figures of the late Republic. His alliance with Pompey and Caesar formed the First Triumvirate.
Lex Gabinia: A Roman law of 67 BCE granting Pompey an extraordinary command against Mediterranean piracy. Its sweeping powers gave Pompey a vast naval command and rapid victory.
Piracy in the Mediterranean: Maritime raiding that disrupted trade and threatened Roman shipping in the ancient Mediterranean. The crisis prompted Pompey’s extraordinary anti-piracy command.
Roman Republic: The Roman state governed through elected magistrates, popular assemblies, and the Senate before imperial rule. Pompey’s extraordinary commands and civil war unfolded within its political crisis.
Cornelia Metella: A Roman noblewoman and the fifth wife of Pompey. She remained with Pompey during his final flight from Caesar.
Lex Manilia: A Roman law of 66 BCE that assigned Pompey command of the war against Mithridates VI. It extended Pompey’s authority in the eastern provinces.

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