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The 49 pages that link to Portrait painting, each with the reason it gives.

• Oil paintingRelated: Oil’s gradual blending supports subtle modeling of faces and skin.

• Landscape paintingCompared with: Landscape subordinates human likeness to scenery, even when figures appear.

• Persian miniatureRelated: Portraits became a distinct subject in Persian painting, especially in later periods.

• History paintingCompared with: Portraiture focuses on individual likeness rather than an invented or inherited narrative.

• Still lifeCompared with: Portraiture centers human identity; still life makes objects the focus.

• Genre paintingCompared with: Genre figures are usually presented as social types or participants, not identified sitters.

• Early Netherlandish paintingRelated: The tradition expanded portraiture through individualized faces, convincing space, and finely rendered clothing.

• MimesisBroader topic: Portraiture tests how likeness can represent a person beyond surface appearance.

• PaintingBroader topic: Portraits use painted likeness to convey appearance, status, or character.

• Glazing (painting technique)Related: Glazing can subtly shift flesh tones and refine transitions without obscuring modeled forms.

• Naturalism (art)Related: Naturalistic portraiture uses observed features to make an individual recognizable and particular.

• Self-portraitCompared with: The artist’s identity as both maker and subject distinguishes a self-portrait from a conventional commissioned portrait.

• Alla primaRelated: A single sitting can preserve a sitter’s expression and the painter’s immediate response.

• Character designCompared with: Character design may prioritize repeatable stylization over resemblance to a real individual.

• New ObjectivityRelated: Artists used exacting portraits to expose social roles and personal unease.

• Fayum mummy portraitsNarrower topic: These funerary works became central examples in histories of portrait painting.

• Italian Renaissance paintingRelated: Renaissance portraits made likeness and individual status central subjects in their own right.

• Rogier van der WeydenNarrower topic: Rogier helped establish a direct, psychologically alert mode of portraiture in northern Europe.

• Benjamin WestCompared with: West pursued the more prestigious history-painting genre rather than making portraiture his primary focus.

• European paintingRelated: European courts and urban elites used portraits to record likeness and communicate rank.

• Frans HalsNarrower topic: Hals’s innovations developed within the demands of likeness, status, and personality.

• Grand mannerNarrower topic: Grand manner transferred heroic conventions into portraits of living people.

• John Singer SargentNarrower topic: Sargent adapted portrait conventions to make sitters appear vivid, assured, and socially distinctive.

• Anthony van DyckNarrower topic: Van Dyck expanded portraiture into a polished language of aristocratic presence.

• Narrative paintingCompared with: Portraits may imply stories, but their central purpose is representing sitters.

• Hans MemlingNarrower topic: Memling helped establish Bruges as a center for lifelike portraiture.

• Gu KaizhiNarrower topic: Gu’s portrait theory addresses how likeness can communicate more than outward appearance.

• John Singleton CopleyNarrower topic: Portraiture was the foundation of Copley’s reputation in colonial America.

• My Name Is RedRelated: Portraiture raises the novel’s central question of whether likeness can preserve or distort identity.

• Quentin MatsysRelated: His portraits connect individualized likeness with sharply observed detail.

• The Blue BoyNarrower topic: The work is a full-length portrait whose landscape also shapes its character.

• Amedeo ModiglianiNarrower topic: Portraiture became the principal setting for his experiments with likeness and stylization.

• Élisabeth Vigée Le BrunNarrower topic: Her career demonstrates portraiture’s power to shape public identity and social standing.

• Gilbert StuartNarrower topic: Stuart’s career centered on making portraits that balanced likeness and public presence.

• Lavinia FontanaNarrower topic: Fontana’s portraits secured patrons and made her recognizable beyond Bologna.

• Lucian FreudRelated: His portraits make the individual sitter, rather than an ideal type, their subject.

• Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer INarrower topic: The work transforms a conventional painted likeness through unusually extensive abstraction and ornament.

• Portrait of Madame XNarrower topic: The work transforms a commissioned likeness into a carefully staged public image.

• Chuck CloseNarrower topic: Close renewed portrait painting by making photographic likeness monumental and structurally self-conscious.

• Gerard van HonthorstRelated: Honthorst became a sought-after portraitist for European courts and elite patrons.

• Hossein BehzadRelated: His expressive faces helped make individual personality more prominent in miniature painting.

• Lucas Cranach the ElderNarrower topic: Cranach’s portraits of rulers and reformers made likeness a tool of status and public persuasion.

• Rosalba CarrieraNarrower topic: Her pastel innovation reshaped how elite portraiture could look and circulate.

• Valentin SerovNarrower topic: Portraiture was Serov’s central genre and the setting for his psychological observation.

• Anjolie Ela MenonRelated: Her recurring, direct-faced figures connect her work to portraiture without always identifying a sitter.

• IaiaNarrower topic: Pliny identifies portraiture as a central part of Iaia’s work.

• Pacita AbadRelated: Abad’s portrait series gave visibility to people she encountered across continents.

• Self-portraits by RembrandtNarrower topic: His self-portraits adapt portrait conventions while making the artist their subject.

• Tamara de LempickaNarrower topic: Her signature style transformed commissioned likenesses into images of modern status and self-possession.