Qatar

Qatar is a sovereign country on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, bordered by Saudi Arabia and surrounded by the Persian Gulf.

Al Thani: The ruling family of Qatar, which has governed the country since the nineteenth century. The family’s rule shaped Qatar’s political institutions and modern statehood.
Emir of Qatar: The hereditary head of state and government in Qatar. The emir holds central executive authority within Qatar’s political system.
Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani: The emir of Qatar from 1995 to 2013, during a period of rapid economic and international expansion. His rule accelerated gas development and expanded Qatar’s international role.
2022 FIFA World Cup: The FIFA men’s football tournament hosted by Qatar from November to December 2022. Hosting the tournament brought global attention to Qatar’s infrastructure and labor policies.
Qatar–Iran relations: The diplomatic and economic relationship between Qatar and Iran, neighboring states that share a major offshore gas reservoir. Shared access to the North Field–South Pars reservoir encourages practical cooperation.
British protectorate: A state protected by Britain through agreements that restricted its foreign relations while preserving internal rule. Qatar’s treaty relationship with Britain defined its external status before independence.
Consultative Assembly of Qatar: Qatar’s legislative body, formally known as the Shura Council. The council reviews legislation and the state budget, though the emir retains broad powers.
Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani: The emir of Qatar since 2013. His leadership has guided Qatar through regional tensions and major domestic projects.
Al Jazeera: A Qatar-based international news organization founded in 1996. Its global reporting network gives Qatar a prominent media presence.
Qatar–Saudi Arabia relations: The political and economic relationship between Qatar and Saudi Arabia, its only land neighbor. Their ties have alternated between cooperation and serious regional disputes.

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