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The 45 pages that link to Quantum tunnelling, each with the reason it gives.

• Radioactive decayRelated: It lets alpha particles escape nuclei despite the confining potential barrier.

• Schrödinger equationRelated: Wave-function solutions can extend through barriers and predict tunneling probabilities.

• Nuclear fusionRelated: It lets stellar nuclei fuse even when their thermal energies fall below the Coulomb barrier.

• Alpha decayRelated: Alpha particles escape the nuclear barrier by tunneling through it.

• Arrhenius equationRelated: Tunneling can produce low-temperature rates that depart from classical Arrhenius predictions.

• Josephson effectNarrower topic: Tunneling allows paired charge to cross the thin barrier.

• Proton–proton chainRelated: Tunneling lets solar protons fuse despite temperatures too low to overcome their repulsion classically.

• WavefunctionRelated: A wavefunction can extend into and beyond a classically forbidden region.

• Energy levelRelated: Tunneling lets bound states decay, giving some levels a finite lifetime and width.

• Hans BetheRelated: Tunneling lets stellar nuclei fuse despite temperatures below the classical barrier threshold.

• Nuclear astrophysicsRelated: It lets stellar nuclei fuse at temperatures below their classical Coulomb-barrier threshold.

• George GamowRelated: Gamow explained alpha decay through tunneling, accounting for the observed relation between decay energy and lifetime.

• Path integral formulationRelated: Path integrals describe tunneling through contributions from nonclassical histories.

• Scanning tunneling microscopeNarrower topic: Electrons tunnel across the narrow gap between the tip and the surface.

• Wave functionRelated: A wave function can extend into and beyond a classically forbidden barrier.

• CNO cycleRelated: It lets stellar protons approach positively charged nuclei despite Coulomb repulsion.

• Optical latticeRelated: Atoms can tunnel between lattice wells, coupling otherwise localized sites.

• Spontaneous fissionRelated: A nucleus can tunnel through the fission barrier even when it lacks enough energy to pass over it.

• Quantum wellRelated: Finite barriers let confined carriers leak into neighboring layers.

• Scanning probe microscopyRelated: Tunneling current provides the signal in scanning tunneling microscopy.

• Coulomb barrierRelated: Fusion can occur even when nuclei lack enough energy to pass over the barrier classically.

• Matter waveRelated: A wavefunction can extend through barriers, allowing particles to tunnel.

• Quantum confinementCompared with: Tunneling crosses barriers; confinement instead restricts motion and quantizes allowed states.

• Classical limitCompared with: It is a distinctly quantum effect that can persist when a naive classical description predicts no passage.

• Probability amplitudeRelated: The nonzero amplitude beyond a barrier yields a nonzero transmission probability.

• Quantum fluctuationRelated: Probabilistic quantum behavior also permits outcomes beyond classically allowed paths.

• Schottky barrierRelated: Heavily doped semiconductors can let carriers tunnel through the contact barrier.

• WKB approximationRelated: WKB estimates the exponentially small transmission through a classically forbidden region.

• Wave mechanicsRelated: Wavefunction penetration into a barrier makes tunneling possible.

• Ohmic contactRelated: Heavy semiconductor doping narrows the barrier, enabling carriers to tunnel through it.

• Particle in a boxCompared with: Impenetrable walls forbid the leakage that finite barriers can permit.

• Quantum Zeno effectCompared with: Repeated measurements can inhibit tunneling, making it a clear transition-based contrast.

• Brian JosephsonNarrower topic: Josephson’s prediction applied tunneling to paired electrons in superconductors.

• Gerd BinnigNarrower topic: The microscope’s measurable current arises when electrons tunnel between its tip and sample.

• Heinrich RohrerRelated: The microscope’s measurable current arises from electrons tunneling between its tip and the sample.

• Airy functionRelated: Linearizing a potential near a classical turning point yields Airy-function wave solutions.

• Geiger–Nuttall lawRelated: Alpha particles escape the Coulomb barrier by tunneling, making decay rates highly energy-sensitive.

• Leo EsakiNarrower topic: Esaki showed that electrons tunnel through a thin semiconductor junction barrier.

• De Broglie–Bohm theoryRelated: Bohmian paths describe how particles cross barriers under wave-function guidance.

• Ivar GiaeverNarrower topic: Electron tunneling through thin insulating barriers made Giaever’s superconductivity experiments possible.

• Metal–semiconductor junctionRelated: It can carry current through thin or heavily doped junction barriers.

• Quantum potentialRelated: Bohmian accounts use the quantum potential to describe trajectory behavior near and through barriers.

• Finite potential wellRelated: A finite barrier permits nonzero wavefunction amplitude beyond the well.

• Position and momentum spacesRelated: Position-space wavefunctions reveal the probability amplitude extending through a barrier.

• Potential wellRelated: Finite wells can leak particles through barriers even when classical motion forbids escape.