Raster graphics

Raster graphics represent images as rectangular grids of pixels, each storing a color or intensity value. Their detail depends on pixel dimensions and sampling.

Pixel: A pixel is a picture element representing a sample of color or intensity in a digital image. Raster graphics are built from these individual picture elements.
Bitmap: A bitmap is a representation of an image as a mapped array of bits or pixel values. The term names a basic grid-based representation closely associated with raster graphics.
Vector graphics: Vector graphics describe images using geometric shapes and paths rather than a fixed grid of pixels. Unlike raster graphics, vector images can scale without exposing a fixed pixel grid.
Digital photography: Digital photography captures images as electronic data, commonly stored as raster pixel arrays. Camera sensors sample light across a grid to create photographic raster images.
Image resolution: Image resolution describes the amount of detail an image can represent, often through its pixel dimensions. Pixel dimensions set the grid's capacity to represent spatial detail.
Raster image file format: A raster image file format specifies how pixel data and related information are encoded in a file. Raster graphics are stored and exchanged through formats that define their pixel data.
Scalable Vector Graphics: Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based format for two-dimensional vector graphics. SVG provides a resolution-independent alternative for many illustrations and interface graphics.
Image scanner: An image scanner converts a physical image or document into digital image data. Scanning samples a surface into a raster grid of pixel values.
Image scaling: Image scaling changes an image's displayed or stored dimensions. Resizing a raster grid requires assigning pixel values at new positions.
Portable Network Graphics: Portable Network Graphics (PNG) is a lossless raster image format supporting transparency. PNG preserves exact pixel values, making it useful for graphics with sharp edges.

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