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The 55 pages that link to Reactive oxygen species, each with the reason it gives.

• OxygenRelated: Incomplete reduction of O₂ produces species that can damage cells or serve as signals.

• Coral bleachingRelated: Heat-stressed symbionts can generate these molecules, contributing to damage and algal loss.

• IronRelated: Unbound iron can promote their formation, making iron storage and transport essential.

• AntioxidantRelated: Several reactive oxygen species initiate or propagate the reactions antioxidants can suppress.

• DNA damageRelated: They oxidize DNA bases and can contribute to strand breaks.

• Electron transport chainRelated: Electron leakage from respiratory carriers can generate these damaging but signaling-active molecules.

• Free radicalRelated: Some reactive oxygen species are radicals, while others, such as hydrogen peroxide, are not.

• Lipid peroxidationRelated: They can initiate lipid oxidation by abstracting hydrogen atoms from susceptible fatty acids.

• PhotoprotectionRelated: Excess light can generate these damaging molecules, making their control a central protective task.

• ArtemisininRelated: Artemisinin activation can produce reactive species that contribute to parasite damage.

• Plant defenseRelated: Their rapid production can signal attack and inhibit invading microbes.

• Aerobic respirationRelated: Electron leakage from respiratory processes can generate these molecules.

• Ascorbic acidRelated: Ascorbic acid can donate electrons to neutralize some reactive species.

• Drought stressRelated: Drought-impaired photosynthesis can increase these molecules and damage cellular components.

• Desiccation toleranceRelated: Drying and reoxygenation generate oxidative stress; tolerance requires antioxidant defenses.

• PhotobleachingRelated: These species can oxidize dyes and damage fluorescent molecules during illumination.

• Noise-induced hearing lossRelated: Their buildup contributes to the cellular stress caused by intense sound.

• OtotoxicityRelated: Oxidative stress is one pathway implicated in injury from several ototoxic drugs.

• Photodynamic therapyRelated: These molecules carry out much of the cell damage after a photosensitizer is activated.

• Beta-caroteneRelated: Beta-carotene can quench some reactive species, but its effects depend on concentration and conditions.

• Hexavalent chromiumRelated: They contribute to oxidative damage associated with chromium(VI) exposure.

• Ischemia-reperfusion injuryRelated: A rapid burst of these molecules after restored oxygen contributes to cellular damage.

• Mitochondrial dysfunctionRelated: Excess production can damage mitochondrial components and amplify dysfunction.

• NADHRelated: Electron leakage during NADH-supported respiration can contribute to their formation.

• MutagenesisRelated: They can oxidize DNA bases, creating lesions that sometimes become mutations.

• PeroxisomeRelated: Peroxisomal oxidation creates reactive oxygen species that catalase helps control.

• PhotosensitivityRelated: Light-activated drugs and pigments can produce these molecules in phototoxic skin injury.

• LuteinRelated: Lutein's antioxidant activity helps limit oxidative damage generated under excess illumination.

• PheomelaninRelated: Ultraviolet exposure can make pheomelanin contribute to oxidative stress in skin.

• Xanthine oxidaseRelated: They can form when the enzyme transfers electrons to oxygen.

• QuinoneRelated: Semiquinone reactions with oxygen can produce superoxide and related oxidants.

• Amphotericin BRelated: Oxidative damage has been proposed as an additional contributor to amphotericin B's antifungal effects.

• Non-photochemical quenchingRelated: By limiting excited chlorophyll, quenching reduces pathways that generate damaging oxidants.

• XanthineRelated: Xanthine oxidoreductase can generate reactive oxygen species while oxidizing xanthine.

• Azelaic acidRelated: Azelaic acid has anti-inflammatory effects associated with reducing reactive oxygen species.

• NitrofurantoinRelated: Nitrofurantoin-derived intermediates can contribute to oxidative stress in bacterial cells.

• PhagocyteRelated: Some phagocytes produce them inside phagosomes to help kill engulfed microbes.

• AstaxanthinRelated: Astaxanthin’s antioxidant activity is studied in relation to these potentially damaging molecules.

• DoxorubicinRelated: Redox cycling by doxorubicin can produce oxidative stress, contributing to tissue injury.

• Oxygen cycleRelated: They arise during oxygen chemistry and influence both biological damage and signaling.

• Ozone therapyRelated: Ozone reacts in tissues to generate oxidizing products that drive proposed mechanisms and injury.

• PyrogallolRelated: Pyrogallol autoxidation can generate superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.

• QuercetinRelated: These species are among the targets used to test quercetin's antioxidant behavior.

• Caffeic acidRelated: Their roles in signaling and damage complicate simple claims about caffeic acid’s antioxidant effects.

• DaunorubicinRelated: Daunorubicin can generate these molecules, contributing to tissue injury, especially in the heart.

• BiophotonRelated: Oxidative reactions can create electronically excited molecules that release photons as they return to lower-energy states.

• ParaquatRelated: Paraquat-driven oxygen reduction produces these agents, which injure membranes and other cell structures.