Rinderpest

Rinderpest was a highly contagious viral disease of cattle and other cloven-hoofed animals. A global vaccination and surveillance campaign eradicated it worldwide; the eradication was declared in 2011.

Morbillivirus: A genus of enveloped viruses that includes rinderpest virus, measles virus, and canine distemper virus. Rinderpest virus belonged to this genus of closely related pathogens.
Great Famine of 1899–1900: A famine in India caused by drought, crop failures, and other conditions at the turn of the twentieth century. Rinderpest outbreaks added livestock losses to famine pressures in parts of India.
Rinderpest in Europe: The recurring rinderpest epidemics that affected European cattle populations over several centuries. European outbreaks prompted quarantine systems and early experiments in disease prevention.
Rinderpest vaccine: A vaccine that protects susceptible animals against infection by rinderpest virus. Live attenuated vaccines made mass immunization practical in the eradication campaign.
Peste des petits ruminants: A contagious morbillivirus disease that primarily affects sheep and goats and remains present in many regions. It is a related disease that was not eradicated alongside rinderpest.
Rinderpest virus: The virus that caused rinderpest in cattle and other susceptible animals. This pathogen infected immune cells and spread through the host’s lymphatic tissues.
African rinderpest pandemic: A late-nineteenth-century epidemic that devastated cattle and wildlife across much of sub-Saharan Africa. The epidemic caused mass livestock deaths and transformed pastoral societies and ecosystems.
Rinderpest in Africa: The introduction and spread of rinderpest in Africa, especially during the late nineteenth century. The epidemic followed the movement of infected cattle and reshaped the continent’s animal populations.
Walter Plowright: A British veterinary scientist who developed an effective tissue-culture vaccine against rinderpest. His vaccine became a central tool in controlling and ultimately eradicating the disease.
Bovine viral diarrhea: A viral disease of cattle caused by pestiviruses, with outcomes ranging from mild illness to severe disease. Its name and symptoms can resemble rinderpest, but a different virus causes it.

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