Sengoku period

A period of Japanese history, roughly 1467–1600, marked by civil war, political fragmentation, and the rise of powerful regional lords.

Daimyo: Powerful Japanese territorial lords who governed domains and commanded samurai forces. Their competing domains formed the political landscape of the period.
Oda Nobunaga: A Japanese warlord who conquered much of central Japan before his death in 1582. His campaigns began the most decisive phase of reunification.
Ōnin War: A civil war fought in Japan from 1467 to 1477, centered on a succession dispute and rival factions. It devastated Kyoto and accelerated the breakdown of shogunal authority.
Tokugawa shogunate: The military government that ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868 under the Tokugawa family. It emerged from the victories that ended the era’s civil wars.
Kamakura shogunate: The military government established by the Minamoto clan that ruled Japan from 1185 or 1192 to 1333. It offers an earlier example of warrior government before the Sengoku breakdown.
Ashigaru: Infantry soldiers in Japanese armies, often recruited from commoners. Their growing use made large armies possible beyond the samurai elite.
Toyotomi Hideyoshi: A Japanese leader who completed the unification begun by Oda Nobunaga. He consolidated much of Japan after Nobunaga’s death.
Ashikaga shogunate: The military government that ruled Japan under the Ashikaga family from 1336 to 1573. Its declining authority formed the political backdrop to the Sengoku period.
Sword hunt: A series of measures under Toyotomi Hideyoshi that confiscated weapons from nonwarriors. It helped separate warrior and peasant status after unification.
Edo period: The period of Tokugawa rule in Japan from 1603 to 1868, characterized by relative internal peace. Its stable shogunate contrasts with Sengoku’s competing regional regimes.

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