Settler colonialism

Settler colonialism is a form of colonialism in which settlers establish a lasting society by displacing Indigenous peoples and asserting control over their lands.

Terra nullius: A doctrine treating land as legally unowned or available for acquisition despite existing Indigenous use and sovereignty. It supplied a legal rationale for claiming Indigenous lands as available for settlement.
European colonization of the Americas: The conquest, settlement, and exploitation of the Americas by European powers beginning in the late fifteenth century. It contains many foundational cases of permanent settlement on Indigenous lands.
Exploitation colonialism: A colonial system organized primarily to extract labor and resources for an external power. Unlike settler colonialism, it need not seek permanent mass settlement or replacement.
Indigenous land rights: Legal and political claims by Indigenous peoples to ownership, access, or jurisdiction over ancestral lands. Land-rights struggles contest the transfers that established settler control.
Doctrine of Discovery: A legal doctrine used by European powers to claim sovereignty over lands inhabited by non-Christian peoples. It framed colonial claims to Indigenous territory as valid under European law.
British colonization of Australia: The establishment of British colonies in Australia beginning with the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788. Australian history became central to scholarly accounts of settler colonialism.
Colonialism: A system in which one power establishes control over another territory and its people. Settler colonialism is a distinct form within the broader family of colonial systems.
Indigenous resurgence: The renewal of Indigenous political authority, cultural practices, and relationships with land. Resurgence describes Indigenous futures beyond incorporation into settler institutions.
Land allotment: The division of collectively held land into individual parcels, often imposed by governments on Indigenous communities. Allotment fragmented Indigenous landholdings and opened land to settler acquisition.
Zionism: A modern Jewish national movement supporting a homeland in the historic Land of Israel. Debates about Zionism and Palestine have shaped contemporary uses of the concept.

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