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The 16 pages that link to Shortness of breath, each with the reason it gives.

• AsthmaRelated: Asthma-related airflow limitation can cause this sensation, especially during an episode.

• AnemiaRelated: The heart and lungs may work harder to meet oxygen demand during anemia.

• Respiratory depressionCompared with: A person can have respiratory depression without feeling breathless, especially when sedated.

• Panic attackBroader topic: Breathlessness can occur during an attack and can itself provoke alarm.

• Pulmonary hypertensionRelated: It is a common symptom, especially during exertion, but can have many other causes.

• Angina pectorisRelated: Breathlessness can accompany angina or serve as an ischemic equivalent, especially in some patients.

• SymptomBroader topic: Breathlessness illustrates why subjective symptoms cannot be reduced to measurements alone.

• ApneaCompared with: Dyspnea is a sensation, whereas apnea is an interruption of breathing.

• End-of-life careRelated: Breathlessness is a common distressing symptom addressed in end-of-life care.

• AsbestosisRelated: Progressive exertional breathlessness is a common symptom as lung scarring advances.

• Cough reflexCompared with: Breathlessness is a symptom, not the coordinated airway-clearing reflex.

• Pulmonary rehabilitationRelated: Programs teach symptom-management strategies while gradually increasing activity tolerance.

• Heart failure with reduced ejection fractionRelated: Pulmonary congestion often makes breathlessness a prominent symptom.

• HyperventilationCompared with: Breathlessness can occur without hyperventilation, and hyperventilation can occur without perceived breathlessness.

• PalpitationsRelated: Breathlessness can accompany palpitations and changes the urgency of clinical assessment.

• Respiratory rateCompared with: A person can feel breathless without an unusually high measured rate.