Siberia

Siberia is a vast region of northern Asia extending across much of Russia, from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. It encompasses diverse climates, landscapes, peoples, and histories.

West Siberian Plain: A vast, low-lying plain between the Ural Mountains and the Yenisei River. This plain forms much of Siberia’s western interior and contains extensive wetlands.
Indigenous peoples of Siberia: The diverse peoples native to Siberia, including communities with distinct languages, cultures, and livelihoods. Their histories predate Russian rule and remain central to the region’s identity.
Siberian oil: Petroleum extracted from fields across Siberia, especially in western Siberia. Oil production makes the region a major contributor to Russia’s energy exports.
Russian Far East: The easternmost region of Russia, extending from Lake Baikal to the Pacific and bordering East Asia. It is sometimes included in broad definitions of Siberia, but commonly treated as a separate region.
Central Siberian Plateau: A broad elevated region between the Yenisei and Lena rivers in central Siberia. Its uplands distinguish central Siberia from the surrounding plains and mountain ranges.
Yermak Timofeyevich: A Cossack leader whose 16th-century campaign helped begin Russian conquest of Siberia. His expedition marked an early turning point in Russia’s eastward expansion.
Siberian natural gas: Natural gas produced from large deposits in Siberia and transported to domestic and foreign markets. Gas fields and pipelines link Siberia’s remote interior to national and international energy systems.
Arctic Siberia: The northern Siberian zone of tundra, Arctic coastline, and sparsely populated islands. Its tundra and Arctic conditions contrast with Siberia’s forested and settled southern belts.
Siberian taiga: The expansive boreal forest belt dominated by conifers across northern Eurasia. Taiga covers much of Siberia and shapes its ecology and resource economy.
Russian conquest of Siberia: The 16th- and 17th-century expansion of Russian power across northern Asia. This conquest established the political framework for Siberia’s incorporation into Russia.

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