Siege of Vicksburg

The 1863 Union campaign that isolated Vicksburg, Mississippi, and forced the Confederate garrison to surrender on July 4, giving the Union control of the Mississippi River.

Vicksburg Campaign: A Union military campaign in Mississippi in 1862–1863 aimed at capturing Vicksburg and controlling the Mississippi River. The siege was the campaign’s decisive final phase.
Ulysses S. Grant: The Union general who captured Vicksburg and later commanded the Union armies. Grant directed the campaign and accepted the Confederate surrender.
Anaconda Plan: The Union strategy to blockade the Confederacy and gain control of the Mississippi River. Vicksburg was the strongest remaining Confederate obstacle to controlling the river.
Trans-Mississippi Theater: The Civil War theater west of the Mississippi River, where Confederate forces became increasingly isolated after Union control of the river. Vicksburg’s surrender severed the Confederacy’s links across the Mississippi.
Battle of Vicksburg: The fighting around Vicksburg in May 1863, including Union assaults on the city’s defenses. Failed assaults on May 19 and 22 led Grant to besiege the city instead.
Battle of Champion Hill: A major Union victory fought east of Vicksburg on May 16, 1863. Its outcome forced Confederate forces back toward Vicksburg and opened the way for investment.
John C. Pemberton: The Confederate general who commanded the Vicksburg defenses during the 1863 campaign. Pemberton led the garrison and negotiated its surrender with Grant.
Mississippi River: A major North American river flowing from Minnesota to the Gulf of Mexico. Control of its lower course divided the Confederacy and shaped Union strategy.
Gettysburg Campaign: The 1863 Confederate invasion of the North that ended with defeat at Gettysburg. Its conclusion coincided with Vicksburg’s surrender, marking a major Union turning point.
Siege of Jackson: The Union capture of Jackson, Mississippi, during Grant’s 1863 campaign against Vicksburg. Grant captured the state capital before turning west to invest Vicksburg.

Linked from 8 pages