Taiwan under Qing rule

Taiwan under Qing rule was the period of Qing governance from the dynasty’s conquest of the island in 1683 to its cession to Japan in 1895.

Battle of Penghu: The 1683 naval battle in which Qing forces defeated the Kingdom of Tungning’s fleet near the Penghu Islands. This victory enabled the Qing conquest of Taiwan and ended the Kingdom of Tungning.
Zheng Chenggong: A seventeenth-century military leader, known in the West as Koxinga, who established a base in Taiwan after resisting the Qing. His followers’ regime was the political target of the 1683 Qing conquest.
Liu Mingchuan: A Qing general and governor who led Taiwan’s defense during the Sino-French War and later served as the province’s first governor. His governorship drove late-Qing reforms and strengthened provincial administration.
First Sino-Japanese War: A war fought from 1894 to 1895 between Qing China and Japan over influence in Korea. Qing defeat forced the cession of Taiwan under the Treaty of Shimonoseki.
Taiwan Prefecture: A Qing administrative unit established in southwestern Taiwan after the island’s conquest. It formed an early framework for governing Qing-held Taiwan.
Ming dynasty: The Chinese imperial dynasty that ruled from 1368 to 1644, before the Qing. Ming loyalism gave the Tungning regime a lasting political identity.
Shen Baozhen: A Qing official who oversaw Taiwan affairs and coastal defense during the 1870s. He advocated stronger governance after the Japanese expedition to southern Taiwan.
Treaty of Shimonoseki: The 1895 treaty that ended the First Sino-Japanese War and ceded Taiwan and Penghu to Japan. It formally ended Qing sovereignty over Taiwan.
Taiwan Province: A province established by the Qing dynasty in 1887, with its capital at Taipei. Its creation marked a late shift toward direct provincial administration.
Zheng Jing: Zheng Chenggong’s son and successor, who governed the Kingdom of Tungning until 1681. His regime’s weakening preceded the Qing invasion of Taiwan.

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