Tajwid

Tajwid is the discipline and practice of reciting the Quran with prescribed pronunciation, articulation, vowel lengths, and pauses.

Makharij al-huruf: The articulation points from which Arabic letters are produced in speech. Tajwid identifies each letter’s proper point of articulation.
Arabic phonology: The study of the sound system and pronunciation patterns of Arabic. Tajwid applies detailed pronunciation rules to Quranic Arabic.
Quran recitation: The oral performance of Quranic text according to transmitted reading traditions. Tajwid is the codified practice governing how this recitation is performed.
Salah: The prescribed Islamic ritual prayer performed at set times each day. Quranic passages recited in prayer are governed by pronunciation and recitation norms.
Tafsir: The scholarly interpretation and explanation of the Quran. Tafsir interprets meaning, while tajwid prescribes correct oral recitation.
Sifat al-huruf: The distinctive phonetic qualities that characterize Arabic letters during pronunciation. These qualities determine how letters sound when recited under tajwid.
Arabic alphabet: The writing system used for Arabic, consisting of letters written from right to left. Tajwid rules specify how the letters represented in Quranic text are articulated.
Abu Ubayd al-Qasim ibn Sallam: A ninth-century Muslim scholar known for works on Quranic readings and recitation. His writings helped document the early study of Quranic readings.
Hifz: The practice of memorizing the Quran and preserving it through oral recitation. Tajwid helps maintain accurate pronunciation during memorization and recall.
Tartil: Measured, deliberate Quranic recitation marked by clarity and careful pacing. Tartil describes a manner of reciting that tajwid rules help enact.

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