TeX

TeX is a computer typesetting system created by Donald Knuth for producing high-quality documents, especially those containing mathematical notation. It combines a programming language with precise control over page layout and fonts.

TeX engine: A program that interprets TeX input and produces typeset output. Engines implement TeX’s processing rules and generate its output.
TeX markup: The commands, braces, and text used to describe a document for TeX. TeX source expresses both document content and instructions for its typesetting.
Donald Knuth: An American computer scientist and mathematician known for work on algorithms and the TeX system. Knuth created TeX to regain control over the quality of his books’ typesetting.
LaTeX: A document preparation system built on TeX that provides higher-level commands and document structures. LaTeX is the most widely used framework for composing documents with TeX.
troff: A document formatting system developed at Bell Labs for producing typeset text. Troff is a historically influential alternative to TeX for technical document production.
TeX macro: A named sequence of TeX instructions that expands when invoked. Macros let TeX users build reusable commands and higher-level document structures.
TeX category code: A code assigned to each input character that determines how TeX interprets it. Category codes govern whether characters act as letters, commands, grouping symbols, or other tokens.
The Art of Computer Programming: A multivolume work by Donald Knuth on the analysis and design of computer algorithms. Preparing its second edition prompted Knuth to develop TeX after seeing poor digital typography.
ConTeXt: A TeX-based typesetting system offering integrated tools for structured, designed documents. ConTeXt provides an alternative high-level workflow for producing complex publications with TeX.
Microsoft Word: A word-processing application for composing, editing, and formatting documents. Word emphasizes interactive editing, whereas TeX primarily describes documents for later typesetting.

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