Thabo Mbeki

Thabo Mbeki is a South African politician who served as the country’s second post-apartheid president from 1999 to 2008 and led the African National Congress from 1997 to 2007.

Nelson Mandela: Nelson Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid leader and the country’s first post-apartheid president. Mandela preceded Mbeki as president and helped establish the democratic government he inherited.
South African HIV/AIDS denialism: South African HIV/AIDS denialism was the rejection or minimization of scientific evidence linking HIV to AIDS by influential officials. Mbeki’s questioning of that link and his government’s policies made this a defining controversy of his presidency.
African Renaissance: The African Renaissance is a political and cultural vision of African renewal, self-determination, and development. Mbeki made this vision a central theme of his domestic agenda and international diplomacy.
African National Congress: The African National Congress is a South African political party and former liberation movement founded in 1912. Mbeki’s career developed inside the organization that led the struggle against apartheid and governed after 1994.
Jacob Zuma: Jacob Zuma is a South African politician who succeeded Mbeki as president in 2009. Their rivalry culminated in Mbeki’s removal from office and Zuma’s rise to the presidency.
Treatment Action Campaign: The Treatment Action Campaign is a South African civil-society organization that advocates access to HIV prevention and treatment. It challenged restrictions on antiretroviral treatment under Mbeki’s government through activism and litigation.
New Partnership for Africa's Development: The New Partnership for Africa’s Development is an African Union development framework launched in 2001. Mbeki helped promote this plan for investment, governance reform, and African-led development.
Anti-apartheid movement: The anti-apartheid movement was a global campaign to end South Africa’s system of racial segregation and white-minority rule. Mbeki’s political life began in the movement that opposed the system his presidency followed.
Oliver Tambo: Oliver Tambo was an African National Congress leader who organized the movement in exile during apartheid. Mbeki’s political formation unfolded within the ANC exile movement Tambo led.
ANC Polokwane conference: The ANC’s 2007 national conference in Polokwane elected Jacob Zuma party president and marked a major leadership shift. The conference’s outcome preceded Mbeki’s resignation from the national presidency.

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