Third-worldism

Third-worldism is a political outlook advocating solidarity among formerly colonized and developing countries against imperialism and global economic domination. It links anticolonial liberation to efforts to reshape international economic and political relations.

Bandung Conference: A 1955 meeting of Asian and African states that promoted anticolonial cooperation and peaceful coexistence. Its gathering of newly independent states gave early third-world solidarity a defining political stage.
Dependency theory: A theory that explains underdevelopment through unequal economic relations between wealthy centers and poorer peripheries. It supplied an account of how global economic structures could reproduce colonial-era dependence.
Pan-Africanism: A movement promoting unity and cooperation among African peoples and people of African descent. It shares anticolonial aims but centers African identity rather than a broader coalition of developing states.
Group of 77: A coalition of developing countries at the United Nations, established in 1964. It became a durable negotiating bloc for collective economic claims by developing states.
Non-Aligned Movement: An international organization of states that sought independence from Cold War military blocs. It organized a diplomatic form of solidarity without formal alignment to either superpower bloc.
South-South cooperation: Collaboration in trade, diplomacy, technology, or development among countries of the Global South. It offers practical forms of cooperation consistent with third-worldist solidarity.
Pan-Arabism: A political movement advocating unity among Arab peoples and states. Its regional and linguistic basis differs from third-worldism's cross-regional political coalition.
UNCTAD: The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, established in 1964 to address development and trade. It provided an institutional forum for demands around trade, commodities, and development.
Decolonization: The process by which colonies gained independence from imperial powers. The end of formal colonial rule created the states and political horizon central to this outlook.
Collective bargaining: Negotiation by a group acting together to improve its terms in a relationship of unequal power. Developing countries sought leverage by coordinating demands in international forums.

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