Tinnitus

Tinnitus is the perception of sound without a corresponding external sound source. It may be heard as ringing, buzzing, hissing, or other sounds and can be temporary or persistent.

Auditory system: The sensory pathways and brain regions that detect and interpret sound. Tinnitus involves activity within sound-processing pathways even when no external sound is present.
Audiometry: The measurement of hearing sensitivity across sound frequencies and levels. Hearing tests help assess hearing loss that may accompany tinnitus.
Sound: A vibration that travels through a medium as a mechanical wave. Tinnitus is perceived as sound despite lacking a matching external acoustic wave.
Musical ear syndrome: The perception of music without an external source, often associated with hearing loss. It is a formed musical perception rather than the simpler tones often associated with tinnitus.
Insomnia: Persistent difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or obtaining restorative sleep. Tinnitus can interfere with sleep onset and continuity.
Auditory cortex: The brain regions that process sound, including its pitch, loudness, and location. Altered activity in auditory cortex is one proposed contributor to phantom sound perception.
Tinnitus retraining therapy: A treatment combining sound therapy and counseling to reduce tinnitus-related distress. It aims to make tinnitus less intrusive rather than eliminate its sound.
Hearing: The sensory process by which sound vibrations are detected and interpreted. Tinnitus is a perception arising within the auditory experience.
Auditory hallucination: The perception of sound without an external source, often involving speech or complex sounds. This broader category includes complex perceptions that differ from typical tinnitus.
Anxiety: A state of apprehension or worry that may involve physical symptoms. Distressing tinnitus can heighten anxiety, which may in turn increase perceived burden.

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