Tolui

Tolui was the youngest son of Genghis Khan and a Mongol prince who governed the empire’s heartland after his father’s death.

Genghis Khan: Genghis Khan founded the Mongol Empire and united Mongol tribes under his rule. Tolui was his youngest son and inherited responsibility for the imperial heartland.
Mongol succession: Mongol succession was the process by which members of the ruling dynasty competed for imperial authority. Tolui’s regency bridged Genghis Khan’s death and Ögedei’s election.
Toluid Civil War: The Toluid Civil War was a conflict between Kublai and Ariq Böke over the Mongol throne in the 1260s. Tolui’s sons fought over imperial succession, fracturing the empire’s political unity.
Borjigin: The Borjigin were the clan from which Genghis Khan and the Mongol imperial dynasty descended. Tolui belonged to the ruling lineage that claimed authority over the Mongol Empire.
Ögedei Khan: Ögedei Khan was Genghis Khan’s third son and the second Great Khan of the Mongol Empire. He succeeded Genghis Khan while Tolui served as regent.
Kurultai: A kurultai was an assembly of Mongol nobles convened for decisions such as electing a khan. A kurultai formally selected Ögedei as Great Khan after Tolui’s regency.
Yuan dynasty: The Yuan dynasty was the Mongol-founded dynasty that ruled China from 1271 to 1368. Kublai, Tolui’s son, founded the dynasty after consolidating power.
Börte: Börte was Genghis Khan’s principal wife and the mother of his four principal sons. She was Tolui’s mother and a central figure in the dynasty’s succession line.
Möngke Khan: Möngke Khan was the fourth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire and a son of Tolui. Tolui’s eldest son eventually won the succession struggle and became Great Khan.
Regency: A regency is the exercise of a ruler’s authority by someone acting during the ruler’s absence or incapacity. Tolui governed the empire temporarily before Ögedei’s accession.

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