Uterus

The uterus is a hollow, muscular organ in female mammals where embryos implant and develop before birth. Its inner lining changes across the reproductive cycle and is shed during menstruation in many species.

Endometrium: The inner lining of the uterus, which thickens during the menstrual cycle and supports implantation. This tissue receives an embryo and is shed during menstruation.
Ovary: A female reproductive organ that produces eggs and reproductive hormones. Ovarian hormones regulate uterine-cycle changes.
Uterine fibroid: A usually benign growth of smooth muscle and connective tissue in or around the uterus. Fibroids can distort the uterine cavity and cause bleeding or pressure.
Ectopic pregnancy: A pregnancy in which an embryo implants outside the uterine cavity, most often in a fallopian tube. It shows the danger of implantation occurring outside the uterus.
Myometrium: The thick smooth-muscle layer forming most of the uterine wall. Its contractions help expel menstrual contents and drive labor.
Fallopian tube: A tube that carries an egg from an ovary toward the uterus. Fertilization commonly occurs here before the embryo reaches the uterus.
Endometriosis: A condition in which tissue resembling the uterine lining grows outside the uterus. It involves endometrium-like tissue beyond the uterine cavity.
Gestational surrogacy: An arrangement in which a person carries a pregnancy created using an embryo not genetically related to them. The gestational carrier's uterus supports an embryo created for intended parent or parents.
Menstrual cycle: A recurring hormonal cycle that prepares the ovaries and uterus for possible pregnancy. Its hormonal phases coordinate changes in the endometrium.
Cervix: The narrow lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. It forms the uterine passage and dilates during childbirth.

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