Video codec

A method or system that encodes and decodes digital video, often compressing it to reduce storage and transmission requirements.

Video compression: The reduction of data needed to represent a digital video, usually by removing redundancy or less perceptible information. Most codecs compress video to make storage and transmission more efficient.
Codec: A system or algorithm for encoding and decoding digital data. Video codecs are specialized codecs for moving images.
Lossy compression: Compression that permanently discards information to reduce the size of encoded data. Most delivery codecs use lossy compression to reach practical bitrates.
H.264: A widely used video coding standard also known as Advanced Video Coding. Its broad device support made it a common choice for web, camera, and broadcast video.
Codec patent pool: An arrangement in which multiple patent holders license patents related to a technology through a shared program. Patent pools influence the cost and availability of commercial video codecs.
Motion compensation: A prediction technique that represents image regions by their movement relative to other frames. Many codecs encode motion between frames instead of storing every frame independently.
Video container format: A file format that packages video, audio, subtitles, and metadata into one stream or file. A container such as MP4 can hold video encoded by different codecs.
Lossless compression: Compression that permits exact reconstruction of the original data. Lossless video codecs preserve every encoded sample but usually require more data.
H.266: A video coding standard also known as Versatile Video Coding, designed for improved compression efficiency. Its higher compression targets high-resolution and bandwidth-constrained delivery.
Alliance for Open Media: A consortium of technology and media companies that develops open media formats, including AV1. Its codec work responds to both compression demands and licensing concerns.

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