Visigothic Kingdom

The Visigothic Kingdom was a post-Roman state that ruled parts of southwestern Gaul and, later, the Iberian Peninsula until the Umayyad conquest of 711.

Toledo: A city in central Spain that became the Visigothic Kingdom’s capital. Its councils and court made Toledo the kingdom’s principal political and religious center.
Visigoths: A Gothic people whose rulers established kingdoms in Gaul and Iberia after the Western Roman Empire weakened. The kingdom’s ruling people formed through migration and service within the Roman world.
Alaric II: A Visigothic king who ruled from 484 to 507 and issued the Breviary of Alaric. His reign ended with defeat at Vouillé and the loss of much of the kingdom’s Gallic territory.
Third Council of Toledo: A council held in 589 where King Reccared publicly rejected Arian Christianity and affirmed Nicene Christianity. Its settlement made religious unity a royal program and altered the kingdom’s political alliances.
Visigothic Code: A Latin law code issued under Visigothic rulers and applied to Roman and Gothic subjects. Its unified legal rules helped bind the kingdom’s diverse population.
Battle of Adrianople: A battle in 378 in which Gothic forces defeated the Roman emperor Valens near Adrianople. The Roman defeat preceded the Goths’ growing role in imperial military politics.
Leovigild: A Visigothic king who ruled from 568 to 586 and expanded royal authority in Iberia. His campaigns consolidated Visigothic control across much of the peninsula.
Arianism: A Christian theological tradition that denied the Son’s full equality with the Father. Visigothic rulers had followed Arian Christianity before Reccared’s conversion.
Visigothic monarchy: The kingship and institutions through which Visigothic rulers governed their realm. Royal power depended on aristocratic support and contested succession.
Sack of Rome (410): The capture and plunder of Rome by Alaric’s Visigothic forces in 410. Alaric’s campaign marked a turning point in Visigothic relations with the empire.

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