Linked from

The 27 pages that link to X-ray fluorescence, each with the reason it gives.

• Chemical elementRelated: Element-specific X-ray energies make it useful for nondestructive identification.

• Oil paintingRelated: It helps conservators identify pigments in oil paintings without taking samples.

• X-rayRelated: Elements emit distinctive X-rays after an incident beam creates inner-shell vacancies.

• X-ray spectroscopyBroader topic: Its element-specific emission lines make elemental analysis possible.

• Neutron activation analysisCompared with: XRF often measures samples nondestructively without neutron irradiation.

• Atomic absorption spectroscopyCompared with: It often analyzes solids directly without producing free atoms in a flame or furnace.

• Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopyCompared with: It uses X-ray excitation rather than an electron beam, enabling analysis without electron microscopy.

• Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometryCompared with: It can analyze solids with little preparation, unlike typical solution-based ICP-MS.

• ArchaeometallurgyRelated: It can characterize metal objects and production remains, sometimes without sampling them.

• Elemental analysisRelated: It reads element-specific X-rays, often without consuming the sample.

• Electron microprobeCompared with: It analyzes larger sample regions using X-ray excitation instead of a focused electron beam.

• Chemical compositionRelated: It measures elemental composition without requiring chemical separation.

• Chlorite groupRelated: Bulk chemical measurements can track chlorite-rich alteration in rocks and drill samples.

• Neutron activationCompared with: It determines elemental composition without creating radioactive isotopes through neutron capture.

• Manne SiegbahnRelated: Characteristic fluorescence lines are measured using spectroscopic methods Siegbahn helped refine.

• Max von LaueCompared with: Unlike diffraction, fluorescence identifies elements through their emitted X-ray energies.

• PromethiumRelated: Promethium sources have been used to excite samples for portable X-ray fluorescence analysis.

• X-ray detectorRelated: Detectors measure these emitted photons to reveal a sample's elemental composition.

• Auger effectCompared with: It is the radiative relaxation pathway competing with the Auger effect.

• Potassium oxideRelated: It can quantify potassium in oxide form when reporting bulk material compositions.

• Atomic emission spectroscopyCompared with: It uses X-ray emission from inner-shell processes instead of optical atomic emission.

• Han van MeegerenRelated: Elemental analysis helped expose pigments in van Meegeren’s paintings that postdated Vermeer.

• ThuliumRelated: Thulium-170 sources can excite fluorescence for compact elemental analysis.

• Kai SiegbahnCompared with: It provides elemental analysis through photons, whereas ESCA measures electrons and chemical shifts.

• Surface analysis (materials science)Compared with: It commonly samples far deeper than methods designed for the outermost layers.

• Astrophysical X-ray sourceRelated: It creates spectral lines that reveal material irradiated by a bright source.

• Atomic techniquesRelated: It reveals elemental composition through X-ray emission rather than visible or ultraviolet light.