Arminianism

Arminianism is a Protestant theological tradition that holds people can accept or resist divine grace and rejects unconditional predestination.

Jacob Arminius: A Dutch Reformed theologian whose views on grace and predestination gave Arminianism its name. His disputes with strict Calvinist predestination shaped the tradition’s founding arguments.
Calvinism: A Protestant theological tradition emphasizing divine sovereignty and unconditional election in salvation. Its classic doctrines provide the principal theological counterpoint to Arminian positions.
Dutch Reformed Church: A Reformed Protestant church tradition established in the Netherlands. Arminius and the early Remonstrants argued within this church’s theological and institutional setting.
Wesleyan theology: A Christian theological tradition shaped by John Wesley’s teaching on grace, holiness, and salvation. It develops Arminian themes through prevenient grace and the pursuit of Christian holiness.
Prevenient grace: Divine grace understood as acting before human response and enabling faith. Arminians use it to explain how people can respond freely without initiating salvation unaided.
Five Articles of Remonstrance: A 1610 statement of five disputed theological positions by followers of Jacob Arminius. The articles set out the claims that provoked the Dutch Reformed controversy.
Remonstrants: A Dutch Protestant movement formed by followers of Jacob Arminius after his death. They organized and defended the positions that became known as Arminianism.
Holiness movement: A nineteenth-century Protestant movement emphasizing sanctification and a life of holiness. Wesleyan Arminian teaching helped supply its emphasis on sanctification.
Conditional election: The doctrine that God elects people for salvation in view of their faith in Christ. It replaces unconditional election with a choice related to foreknown faith.
Synod of Dort: A Dutch Reformed church assembly held from 1618 to 1619 that condemned the Remonstrant position. Its rulings rejected Arminian claims and became associated with the five points of Calvinism.

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