Ba'athism

Ba'athism is an Arab nationalist and socialist ideology that seeks Arab unity, independence from foreign influence, and social transformation through a unified Arab state.

Arab nationalism: A political movement seeking the unity, independence, or political self-determination of Arab peoples. Ba'athism makes Arab national unity its central political aim.
Michel Aflaq: A Syrian thinker and politician who helped found the Ba'ath Party and formulate its ideology. His writings gave early Ba'athism its account of Arab nationhood and revival.
Ba'ath Party (Syria): The Syrian political party that seized power in 1963 and has governed Syria since 1970. It built the Syrian state around a Ba'athist claim to Arab unity and social transformation.
Nasserism: The political ideology associated with Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser, combining Arab nationalism, anti-imperialism, and state-led social reform. It shared Ba'athism's aims but competed with it for leadership of Arab unity.
Pan-Arabism: A movement advocating political, cultural, or economic unity among Arab peoples. Its vision of a unified Arab state gives Ba'athism its defining scope.
Salah al-Din al-Bitar: A Syrian politician who co-founded the Ba'ath Party with Michel Aflaq. His partnership with Aflaq turned Ba'athist ideas into an organized political movement.
Ba'ath Party (Iraq): The Iraqi branch of the Ba'ath Party, which ruled Iraq from 1968 to 2003. Its rule developed a rival national version of Ba'athist politics.
Islamism: A range of political movements that seek to organize public life in relation to Islamic principles. Its religious basis challenges Ba'athism's secular account of Arab political identity.
Arab socialism: A family of political ideas combining Arab nationalism with social and economic reform. Ba'athist social transformation draws on this distinctively Arab socialist tradition.
Zaki al-Arsuzi: A Syrian Arab nationalist thinker whose ideas and followers contributed to the formation of the Ba'ath movement. His Arab nationalist circle became one strand in the movement's early formation.

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