Knowra Caucasus Caucasus The Caucasus is a region between the Black and Caspian seas, encompassing the Greater Caucasus mountain range and surrounding lands. It spans parts of Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia.
Greater Caucasus : The principal mountain range of the Caucasus, extending between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. This range forms the region’s central physical barrier and a traditional boundary between northern and southern Caucasus.
Georgia : A country in the South Caucasus, on the eastern coast of the Black Sea. It occupies the region’s Black Sea side and bridges its north and south.
Colchis : An ancient region on the eastern Black Sea coast, largely within present-day western Georgia. Its history represents the Caucasus’s ancient Black Sea civilizations.
Caucasian languages : A group of language families indigenous to the Caucasus, including Kartvelian, Northwest Caucasian, and Northeast Caucasian. These families represent languages native to the region’s mountain communities.
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict : A conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh and its surrounding territories. It has repeatedly destabilized the South Caucasus and reshaped regional borders.
North Caucasus : The part of the Caucasus north of the Greater Caucasus, administered within Russia. Its republics and territories connect the mountain region to Russia.
Armenia : A landlocked country in the South Caucasus, bordered by Georgia, Azerbaijan, Iran, and Turkey. Its highland geography and history exemplify the southern Caucasus.
Kingdom of Armenia : A series of ancient Armenian states centered in the Armenian Highlands. Its kingdoms shaped the historical identity of the southern Caucasus.
Georgians : A Kartvelian-speaking people whose traditional homeland is Georgia and adjacent parts of the Caucasus. Their language and culture are central to the South Caucasus’s western side.
Abkhazia : A territory on the Black Sea coast whose status is disputed by Georgia and Russia. Its contested status is one of the region’s unresolved post-Soviet disputes.
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