Linked from

The 42 pages that link to Civilian casualties, each with the reason it gives.

• CounterinsurgencyRelated: Civilian harm can undermine cooperation and the political credibility of a campaign.

• Strategic bombing during World War IIRelated: Urban raids killed civilians on a vast scale, making their protection a central moral issue.

• Close air supportRelated: Civilian harm can result from attacks near populated areas and carries legal and political consequences.

• Rules of engagementRelated: Engagement decisions directly affect the risk of civilian harm.

• ArtilleryRelated: Long-range bombardment can affect populated areas far from the front line.

• Civil warRelated: Civilian harm is a central human cost of fighting inside populated communities.

• Total warRelated: Expanded targeting and exposure to combat make civilian harm a central consequence.

• Military aviationRelated: Air attacks have repeatedly raised questions about civilian harm, distinction, and proportionality.

• War correspondentRelated: Documenting civilian harm can bring otherwise obscured consequences of military action into public view.

• WarRelated: Civilian harm is a central human cost and a focus of legal limits on warfare.

• Air powerRelated: Air attacks can impose severe human costs, especially in populated areas.

• Air defenseRelated: Interception failures and falling debris can expose civilians to harm even when defenses engage.

• Improvised explosive deviceRelated: Explosive attacks in populated areas can impose severe costs on civilians.

• Military interventionRelated: Military action can harm civilians even when protecting them is a stated aim.

• Precision bombingRelated: Civilian harm remains possible even when a weapon reaches its intended aim point.

• Unexploded ordnanceRelated: Accidental contact with unexploded ordnance can cause civilian deaths and injuries.

• Asymmetric warfareRelated: Violence among civilians can shape public support, legitimacy, and the political costs of a campaign.

• Drone warfareRelated: Drone strikes can kill civilians, making casualty estimates and reporting consequential.

• Targeted killingRelated: Misidentification and attack effects can harm civilians near an intended target.

• Cluster munitionRelated: Submunitions and their unexploded remnants have caused civilian deaths and injuries.

• Explosive remnants of warRelated: Civilians may be injured or killed by remnants long after hostilities end.

• Private military companyRelated: Contractor use of force can expose civilians to harm and trigger disputes over responsibility.

• William Tecumseh ShermanRelated: Sherman’s operations raise questions about the human cost of attacking infrastructure and disrupting civilian life.

• Arms tradeRelated: The use of exported weapons can produce direct harm to civilians.

• Close-quarters combatRelated: Confined urban settings can place civilians near combatants and weapons.

• Urban guerrilla warfareRelated: Attacks in populated areas create immediate risks to people outside the armed groups.

• Artillery preparationRelated: Bombardment near populated areas can cause civilian casualties alongside its military effects.

• Explosively formed penetratorRelated: Use of explosive weapons near populated areas can create severe civilian risks.

• Multiple rocket launcherRelated: Unguided salvos and wide-area munitions can endanger civilians near intended targets.

• Aerial warfareRelated: Air attacks can cause civilian harm even when military targets are intended.

• Black JanuaryRelated: The deaths of more than 100 civilians define the human cost of the Baku crackdown.

• Iran–Israel proxy conflictRelated: Strikes and cross-border fire expose civilians in Lebanon, Israel, Syria, and elsewhere to harm.

• Thermobaric weaponRelated: Use in populated areas raises acute concerns about foreseeable civilian harm.

• Irregular warfareRelated: Civilian harm can undermine legitimacy and change local support for the parties.

• War studiesRelated: Their measurement exposes the human costs and policy consequences of military operations.

• 2026 Afghanistan–Pakistan warRelated: Civilian casualties are a central measure of the war's human cost.

• 2026 Iran warRelated: Civilian harm is a central measure of the war’s human cost.

• Agacher Strip WarRelated: Civilians bore a substantial human cost during the brief conflict.