Eskaleut languages

The Eskaleut languages comprise the Inuit and Yupik languages, grouped as Eskimo, and the Aleut language. They are spoken across Arctic North America and northeastern Asia.

Eskimo languages: A branch of the Eskaleut family comprising Inuit and Yupik languages. This branch contains most languages in the family, distinct from Aleut.
Proto-Eskimo–Aleut: The reconstructed ancestral language from which the Eskimo and Aleut branches developed. Comparative evidence uses this reconstruction to explain the family’s shared ancestry.
Polysynthesis: A morphological pattern in which words combine many meaningful elements and may express what other languages state in whole sentences. Eskaleut languages build complex words from roots and numerous grammatical endings.
Greenlandic: An Inuit language spoken in Greenland and the island’s official language. It is a prominent eastern member of the family’s Inuit branch.
Aleut language: The language of the Aleutian Islands and Alaska Peninsula, the sole member of the Aleut branch. It forms the family’s other principal branch.
Eskimo–Aleut homeland: The hypothesized region where the ancestral Eskimo–Aleut language was spoken before its branches spread. Proposed homeland locations help frame how the family reached its Arctic distribution.
Agglutinative language: A language type that forms words by attaching identifiable affixes, each typically expressing a distinct grammatical function. Many Eskaleut words stack recognizable suffixes to mark grammatical information.
Siberian Yupik: A Yupik language spoken in Chukotka, Russia, and on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. It demonstrates the family’s presence on both sides of the Bering Strait.
Inuit languages: A chain of closely related languages spoken by Inuit communities from Alaska across Arctic Canada to Greenland. They constitute one of the two main divisions within Eskimo.
Bering Strait: The narrow sea passage separating northeastern Asia from northwestern North America. Languages in both regions make this corridor central to accounts of family dispersal.

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