Evidentialism

Evidentialism is the view that a belief is justified only insofar as it fits the believer’s evidence. It makes epistemic justification depend on what evidence a person has.

Epistemic justification: The status of a belief as rational or epistemically permissible for a person. Evidentialism offers an account of what makes a belief justified.
Reliabilism: The view that a belief is justified or warranted when produced by a reliable process. Unlike evidentialism, reliabilism can make justification depend on processes inaccessible to the believer.
Epistemology: The branch of philosophy that studies knowledge, evidence, belief, and rationality. Evidentialism is a theory about epistemic justification within this field.
Earl Conee: An American philosopher known for work on epistemology and for defending evidentialism. His joint work with Feldman gives evidentialism its best-known contemporary formulation.
Peer disagreement: A disagreement between people regarded as equally informed and competent on a question. Evidentialists ask how learning of an equally informed peer's contrary view changes one's evidence.
Epistemic internalism: The view that factors accessible to a believer determine whether their beliefs are justified. Many evidentialists treat accessible evidence as the basis of justification.
Proper functionalism: The view that beliefs are warranted when cognitive faculties function properly in suitable conditions. It grounds warrant in proper cognitive functioning rather than evidence alone.
Evidence: Information or considerations that support or count against a proposition. The theory's verdicts depend on what evidence a believer possesses.
Richard Feldman: An American philosopher whose work includes influential defenses of evidentialism and epistemic rationality. He co-authored a central formulation of the view with Earl Conee.
Religious epistemology: The philosophical study of religious belief, knowledge, and rationality. Evidentialism frames disputes over whether religious beliefs require supporting evidence.

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