Linked from

The 17 pages that link to Female genital mutilation, each with the reason it gives.

• Moral relativismBroader topic: Debates over condemning the practice test whether cultural context limits moral criticism.

• Gender-based violenceBroader topic: It is a harmful practice rooted in gendered control of bodily autonomy.

• Body modificationCompared with: It highlights coercion and harm that voluntary body-modification framing cannot capture.

• Alice WalkerRelated: Walker’s activism and novel Possessing the Secret of Joy brought public attention to the practice.

• CircumcisionCompared with: The practices differ anatomically and medically, despite sometimes being compared in ethical debates.

• ClitorisRelated: Some forms involve cutting or removing clitoral tissue.

• Sexual autonomyBroader topic: It can cause lasting harm and constrain bodily and sexual agency.

• VulvaRelated: Some forms directly alter vulvar structures and raise questions of health, rights, and consent.

• Ayaan Hirsi AliRelated: Her account of undergoing the practice became central to her advocacy against it.

• Kwame Anthony AppiahRelated: Debates over the practice test how to oppose harm without stereotyping whole cultures.

• G-spotCompared with: Research on genital sensitivity sometimes compares outcomes after these procedures, without resolving G-spot anatomy.

• Genital modification and mutilationBroader topic: This established category names a range of practices commonly discussed under the broader concept.

• Nawal El SaadawiRelated: Her early medical work and writing exposed its physical and social harms.

• Efua DorkenooNarrower topic: Opposing this practice was the central focus of Dorkenoo’s activism and writing.

• GynaecologyRelated: Clinicians may need to provide respectful care for its health consequences without reinforcing stigma.

• MutilationBroader topic: This established term names a specific form of nonmedical bodily injury.

• Oumou SangaréRelated: Sangaré has used public advocacy to oppose the practice and defend girls’ bodily autonomy.