KnowraHamidian massacresLinked fromLinked fromThe 7 pages that link to Hamidian massacres, each with the reason it gives.All 7Broader topic 3Related 4Armenian genocideRelated: They formed an earlier episode of anti-Armenian violence under Ottoman rule.Armenian genocide recognitionRelated: Earlier anti-Armenian violence forms part of the historical background cited in recognition debates.Ottoman SyriaRelated: They affected Syrian cities that hosted Armenian communities and reflected empire-wide political violence.Abdul Hamid IIBroader topic: They expose the violence accompanying his government’s response to Armenian reform demands.Armenian nationalismRelated: They intensified demands for Armenian protection and strengthened revolutionary organizing.Armenian QuestionBroader topic: The massacres exposed the failure of promised reforms and intensified foreign intervention.Armenian national movementBroader topic: The massacres intensified calls for protection and exposed the weakness of promised reforms.