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The 46 pages that link to Hubble constant, each with the reason it gives.

• Hubble Space TelescopeRelated: Hubble observations of Cepheid stars helped refine measurements of this expansion rate.

• Dark energyRelated: Its value anchors measurements of the universe’s expansion history.

• Baryon acoustic oscillationsRelated: Acoustic measurements help infer expansion rates at different redshifts and compare them with local estimates.

• Cosmic distance ladderRelated: The ladder supplies nearby galaxy distances used to calibrate this expansion rate.

• Edwin HubbleBroader topic: Its value quantifies the expansion relation associated with Hubble’s observations.

• Lambda-CDM modelRelated: Its inferred value exposes a persistent mismatch between early- and late-universe measurements.

• Cepheid variableRelated: Cepheid-calibrated distances to galaxies help determine this expansion rate.

• Hubble tensionNarrower topic: It is the shared quantity whose estimates disagree.

• Standard candleRelated: Standard-candle calibrations underpin one major measurement of its value.

• Hubble's lawRelated: It is the slope relating recession velocity to distance.

• Gravitational lensRelated: Time delays in multiply imaged sources offer an independent way to estimate it.

• Cosmological constant problemRelated: Cosmic expansion measurements help constrain the density associated with the cosmological constant.

• Multi-messenger astronomyRelated: A gravitational-wave distance paired with a host galaxy's redshift offers an independent measurement.

• Neutron star mergerRelated: A merger’s gravitational-wave distance combined with its host galaxy’s redshift can estimate this constant.

• Fast radio burstRelated: Burst distances and dispersion can constrain the expansion rate when combined with host-galaxy redshifts.

• Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effectRelated: Combining microwave distortion with X-ray data can yield an independent distance estimate.

• Tully–Fisher relationRelated: A large sample of Tully–Fisher distances can constrain the expansion rate.

• Planck satelliteRelated: Planck inferred its value from the early universe, yielding a result lower than several local measurements.

• ParsecRelated: Its value is expressed in velocity per megaparsec, a scaled parsec unit.

• Scale factorCompared with: It is the scale factor’s fractional growth rate today, not the scale factor itself.

• GW170817Related: The event yielded an independent, though imprecise, estimate of this expansion rate.

• Period–luminosity relationRelated: Cepheid distance calibrations help determine this expansion rate.

• Luminosity distanceRelated: Its value sets the distance scale inferred from redshifts in the nearby universe.

• Age of the universeRelated: Its value sets the expansion rate used to infer cosmic age.

• Hubble parameterBroader topic: It is the specific epoch’s expansion rate most directly measured by local distance methods.

• Hubble flowRelated: Its value sets the present-day slope relating distance to recession speed.

• Walter BaadeRelated: Baade’s distance revisions lowered early estimates of this rate and raised estimates of cosmic age.

• Cosmological parametersRelated: It sets the current expansion rate in the standard cosmological parameter set.

• Tip of the red giant branchRelated: Tip-based galaxy distances can help calibrate the distance ladder used to estimate it.

• Adam RiessRelated: Riess has led precise local measurements that contribute to the Hubble tension.

• Classical Cepheid variableRelated: Cepheid-calibrated distances to supernova hosts provide one major route to measuring it.

• Planetary nebula luminosity functionRelated: Galaxy distances from this method can contribute to calibrating the local expansion scale.

• Allan SandageRelated: Sandage devoted decades to measuring this quantity and favored values near 50 kilometers per second per megaparsec.

• Faber–Jackson relationRelated: Distance estimates from the relation can contribute to measurements of cosmic expansion.

• Physical cosmologyRelated: Independent estimates disagree, creating a major precision-cosmology problem.

• Chronology of the universeRelated: Its measured value helps determine the universe’s age and expansion history.

• Expansion of the UniverseRelated: Its value sets the current expansion rate and affects estimates of cosmic age.

• Local SheetRelated: Its value affects distance and flow estimates for nearby galaxies.

• MegamaserRelated: Geometric distances to water megamaser galaxies provide an independent route to measuring it.

• Hubble volumeRelated: Its value sets the Hubble time and Hubble radius used to define this volume.

• Local HoleRelated: Local density can affect measurements based on nearby galaxies and their recession speeds.

• Messier 106Related: A geometric distance to Messier 106 can help calibrate methods used to estimate cosmic expansion.

• Recessional velocityRelated: It sets the nearby scale relating distance to expansion-driven recession speed.

• SN 1972ERelated: SN 1972E helped calibrate supernova distances used in historical measurements of this rate.

• Timeline of the far futureRelated: Measurements of cosmic expansion inform forecasts of how the universe changes over time.

• Ultimate fate of the universeRelated: Its measured value helps set the expansion history used in long-term forecasts.