Ionic order

The Ionic order is a classical Greek architectural style distinguished by slender columns and scroll-shaped capitals called volutes.

Ionic capital: The topmost element of an Ionic column, marked by paired spiral volutes. Its volutes are the order’s most recognizable feature.
Doric order: The earliest and simplest of the three classical Greek architectural orders, characterized by sturdy columns and plain capitals. Its heavier proportions and column form contrast with Ionic slenderness and volutes.
Archaic Greek architecture: Greek architecture from roughly the eighth through early fifth centuries BCE, before the Classical period. The Ionic order developed during this formative era.
Temple of Athena Nike: A small Ionic temple on the Athenian Acropolis, completed in the fifth century BCE. Its compact temple design makes Ionic architecture legible at a modest scale.
Ionic column: A column with a fluted shaft, a base, and a capital bearing volutes. Its slender shaft and molded base establish the order’s characteristic proportions.
Corinthian order: A classical architectural order distinguished by capitals decorated with acanthus leaves. Its elaborate foliage replaces the Ionic order’s defining scroll-shaped volutes.
Ionia: An ancient region on the western coast of Anatolia, settled by Greek communities. The order’s name and early development are associated with this Greek-speaking region.
Temple of Apollo at Didyma: A vast Hellenistic sanctuary near Miletus, designed with monumental Ionic columns. Its scale shows Ionic forms applied to an ambitious religious complex.
Volute: A spiral or scroll-shaped architectural ornament. Paired volutes distinguish the Ionic capital from Doric capitals.
Tuscan order: A Roman architectural order with plain, unfluted columns and simple capitals. Its restrained ornament offers a contrast to Ionic moldings and fluting.

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