Java (programming language)

Java is a general-purpose, class-based programming language whose compiled bytecode runs on the Java Virtual Machine. Its design emphasizes portability, static typing, and automatic memory management.

Java Virtual Machine: The abstract machine that executes Java bytecode and provides runtime services such as memory management. It runs Java bytecode and mediates between compiled programs and host systems.
Java class: A Java declaration that defines a type, including its fields, methods, and constructors. Classes are the principal declarations used to structure Java programs.
Jakarta EE: A set of specifications for building enterprise applications on the Java platform. It standardizes server-side APIs used by many Java enterprise systems.
James Gosling: A Canadian computer scientist who led the development of Java at Sun Microsystems. He designed the language and led the team that created its early implementation.
C++: A compiled, general-purpose programming language that combines procedural and object-oriented features with direct resource control. Java shares C-like syntax with C++ but omits many low-level features and manages memory automatically.
Java bytecode: The platform-independent instruction format produced by Java compilers for execution by a virtual machine. Java source is commonly compiled into this intermediate code before execution.
Java object: A runtime instance of a class, with state stored in fields and behavior exposed through methods. Java’s object-oriented model centers on instances created from classes.
Spring Framework: A Java framework for building applications with dependency injection and modular infrastructure. It is widely used to build Java web services and enterprise applications.
Green project: A Sun Microsystems research project that explored software for networked consumer devices in the early 1990s. Java emerged from this project’s effort to build portable software for varied hardware.
Kotlin: A statically typed language that targets the JVM and interoperates with Java. Kotlin offers a more concise alternative for JVM applications while retaining Java interoperability.

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