Javanese people

The Javanese are an Austronesian ethnic group native chiefly to Java, Indonesia, distinguished by the Javanese language and varied cultural traditions.

Javanese language: An Austronesian language spoken chiefly on Java, with distinct speech levels and regional varieties. It is a central marker of Javanese identity and carries traditions of refined speech.
Yogyakarta: A city and special region in Java known for its royal court and distinctive cultural institutions. Its sultanate remains a prominent center of Javanese court culture.
Kediri Kingdom: A Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in East Java that flourished from the eleventh to thirteenth centuries. Its court supported literary traditions that shaped later Javanese culture.
Indonesian National Revolution: The armed and diplomatic struggle from 1945 to 1949 that secured Indonesian independence from the Netherlands. Javanese leaders and communities were prominent in the struggle for the new republic.
Java: An Indonesian island between Sumatra and Bali, home to the country's largest population. The island is the Javanese people's historic homeland and the setting for major regional differences.
Surakarta: A Central Javanese city whose historical palace is known as the Kasunanan Surakarta Hadiningrat. Its court preserves traditions that developed alongside those of Yogyakarta.
Majapahit Empire: A powerful Hindu-Buddhist empire centered in Java from the late thirteenth to early sixteenth century. Its political legacy became a lasting reference point in Javanese and Indonesian histories.
Sukarno: An Indonesian nationalist leader who became the country's first president after independence. His Javanese background informed his public identity, though his politics addressed a diverse nation.
Austronesian peoples: A broad population grouping whose languages and histories extend across Island Southeast Asia and the Pacific. Javanese belongs to this wider family of peoples through language and ancestry.
Tenggerese people: An ethnic community in the Tengger highlands of East Java with distinctive Hindu traditions. They illustrate the religious and regional diversity within Java's populations.

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