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The 10 pages that link to Kidney stone, each with the reason it gives.

• UrinalysisRelated: Crystals and blood in urine can contribute clues, while imaging confirms most suspected stones.

• KidneyRelated: Stones can obstruct urine flow and cause severe pain.

• UrineRelated: Crystals can form from substances concentrated in urine and obstruct its flow.

• Calcium oxalateBroader topic: Many kidney stones contain calcium oxalate as their principal mineral.

• UrologyRelated: Urologists diagnose stones and may remove or fragment them.

• AcetazolamideRelated: Alkaline urine during treatment can increase the risk of certain stones, especially with prolonged use.

• MelamineRelated: Melamine-cyanurate crystals can produce kidney stones and related urinary obstruction.

• Calcium citrateRelated: Supplement decisions can matter for people with a history of calcium-containing stones.

• TopiramateRelated: Topiramate raises kidney-stone risk by changing urinary chemistry.

• Sodium oxalateBroader topic: Calcium oxalate, formed from oxalate chemistry, is a common component of kidney stones.