Linked from

The 46 pages that link to Lichen, each with the reason it gives.

• MutualismBroader topic: The photosynthetic partner supplies carbon compounds; the fungus provides structure and protection.

• MyceliumRelated: Fungal filaments form much of the lichen body, though its organization differs from free-living mycelium.

• Arctic tundraRelated: Many lichens tolerate cold and provide forage in otherwise sparse tundra vegetation.

• HyphaRelated: Fungal hyphae form much of the lichen body and shelter its photosynthetic partner.

• SymbiosisBroader topic: It is a widespread partnership whose participants form a distinctive organism-like body.

• FungusRelated: Lichens reveal how fungi can build lasting partnerships with organisms that make sugars.

• TundraRelated: Lichens are among the common low-growing organisms adapted to tundra conditions.

• FungiCompared with: A lichen is a partnership involving a fungus, not a separate fungal kingdom.

• AscomycotaRelated: Most lichen-forming fungi belong to Ascomycota.

• Desiccation toleranceRelated: Drying is routine for lichens; they are the ecological champions of repeated wet-dry cycles.

• LichenometryNarrower topic: Lichenometry relies on lichens’ slow growth on exposed mineral surfaces.

• MycologyRelated: Lichens reveal how fungal partnerships enable life in diverse habitats.

• Reindeer herdingRelated: Ground and tree lichens are important winter forage in many herding regions.

• PhotobiontNarrower topic: The photobiont is one of the partners in this symbiotic body.

• ReindeerRelated: Ground lichens are a major winter food for reindeer in many regions.

• Fruiting bodyCompared with: Some lichens make fungal fruiting bodies, but the lichen is the broader partnership.

• ThallusBroader topic: Its visible body is a composite thallus built by the partners.

• AlgaeRelated: Some algae live with fungi in lichens, extending photosynthesis beyond aquatic habitats.

• MushroomCompared with: Lichens contain fungi but are not mushrooms or mushroom-producing fungi.

• MycobiontNarrower topic: A mycobiont is defined by its role within this association.

• HoldfastRelated: Lichens attach to rock or bark with fungal structures rather than algal holdfasts.

• IsidiumNarrower topic: An isidium is a vegetative propagule produced by a lichen thallus.

• SorediumNarrower topic: Soredia are propagules produced by lichens and carry components of this partnership.

• CaribouRelated: Ground lichens are a major winter food for many caribou.

• ZooxanthellaeCompared with: Lichens also pair photosynthesis with a host, but involve fungi rather than corals.

• Fruticose lichenNarrower topic: Fruticose growth is one of the major body forms of lichens.

• GravestoneRelated: Lichen colonizes exposed stone and can complicate gravestone preservation.

• Polar desertRelated: Lichens can grow on exposed rock where vascular plants cannot survive.

• Peppered mothRelated: Lichen-covered bark provided a pale background against which typical moths were camouflaged.

• UsneaNarrower topic: Usnea is a lichen whose fungal partner builds the visible beardlike body.

• ParmeliaceaeNarrower topic: Parmeliaceae fungi form the fungal partner in lichen symbioses.

• ArchaeognathaRelated: Lichens can be part of the surface food grazed by archaeognathans.

• Cetraria islandicaNarrower topic: Cetraria islandica is a lichen, not a moss despite its common name.

• Cladonia rangiferinaNarrower topic: Cladonia rangiferina is a lichen whose fungal body houses photosynthetic partners.

• Dall sheepRelated: Lichens are among the winter foods Dall sheep can reach when grasses are scarce.

• Erik AchariusNarrower topic: These organisms were the central subjects of Acharius’s botanical work.

• FungicultureCompared with: Lichens are not ordinarily cultivated as fungi alone because their growth depends on a partner.

• LecanoralesNarrower topic: Most Lecanorales species form lichens through partnerships with photosynthetic organisms.

• Lobaria pulmonariaNarrower topic: Lungwort is a lichen whose visible body is built primarily by a fungus.

• Spanish mossCompared with: Spanish moss is a vascular plant, not the gray lichen it can resemble on trees.

• Evolution of fungiRelated: Lichenization enabled fungi to inhabit exposed, nutrient-poor environments.

• Fungal StructuresRelated: Lichen bodies combine fungal structures with those of a photosynthetic partner.

• Microbiological phenomenaBroader topic: Lichens exemplify persistent cooperation between distinct microbial partners.

• Parmotrema perlatumNarrower topic: Parmotrema perlatum is a lichen formed through this kind of partnership.

• PlantCompared with: A lichen can look plant-like while consisting of organisms from different groups.

• Pseudevernia furfuraceaNarrower topic: This species is a lichen whose fungal body houses photosynthetic partners.