Luoyang

Luoyang is a city in Henan province, China, that served as the capital of several Chinese dynasties and remains a major center of Chinese history.

Yellow River: The major river of northern China, flowing eastward across the North China Plain. Its basin supported the early settlements and agricultural wealth around Luoyang.
Eastern Han Luoyang: The walled capital city of the Eastern Han dynasty, located at modern Luoyang. Its palace district and city plan anchor Luoyang’s imperial history.
Emperor Guangwu of Han: The Han emperor who restored the dynasty in 25 CE and established its capital at Luoyang. His reign made Luoyang the center of the restored Han empire.
Silk Road: A network of overland trade routes linking China with Central Asia and regions farther west. Luoyang was an eastern starting point for routes carrying goods and ideas westward.
Erlitou culture: A Bronze Age archaeological culture centered near modern Luoyang, flourishing in the second millennium BCE. Its remains reveal an early urban society in Luoyang’s region.
Longmen Grottoes: A complex of Buddhist cave temples and sculptures carved into cliffs south of Luoyang. The site records centuries of religious patronage near the city.
Wu Zetian: The only woman in Chinese history to rule as emperor in her own name, reigning from 690 to 705. She made Luoyang, renamed Shendu, the principal capital of her Zhou dynasty.
Chinese Buddhism: The traditions and institutions formed as Buddhism spread and developed in China. Luoyang became an early center for translation, temples, and imperial support.
Western Zhou: The first phase of the Zhou dynasty, ruling much of China from about 1046 to 771 BCE. Zhou rulers established an eastern capital at Luoyang to govern their eastern territories.
White Horse Temple: A Buddhist monastery near Luoyang traditionally regarded as China’s first state-sponsored Buddhist temple. Its founding tradition links the city with Buddhism’s early establishment in China.

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