Linked from

The 24 pages that link to Pope Innocent III, each with the reason it gives.

• Papal StatesRelated: His reign marked a high point in the political reach of the medieval papacy.

• Teutonic OrderRelated: His 1199 confirmation helped establish the Teutonic brotherhood as a military religious order.

• Fourth CrusadeRelated: He called the expedition and sought to direct its goals.

• PopeBroader topic: His pontificate shows the medieval papacy at a peak of political authority.

• Frederick II, Holy Roman EmperorRelated: He became Frederick’s guardian and helped secure his election as German king.

• Fourth Lateran CouncilRelated: He summoned the council, presided over it, and shaped its program.

• Albigensian CrusadeRelated: His calls for intervention turned anti-heretical policy into a crusade.

• Papal diplomacyBroader topic: His pontificate exemplifies the papacy’s medieval use of negotiation and claims to authority.

• Pope Gregory IXNarrower topic: Gregory, a cardinal under Innocent III, continued the drive to assert papal supremacy.

• Battle of Las Navas de TolosaRelated: His backing gave the expedition religious authorization and encouraged participation.

• Livonian CrusadeRelated: He authorized crusading efforts in Livonia and strengthened their religious legitimacy.

• East–West SchismRelated: His pontificate saw the conquest that made reconciliation far more difficult.

• Papal monarchyBroader topic: His reign shows papal monarchy at a high point of political reach.

• SimonyRelated: His pontificate issued legal and disciplinary measures against simoniacal practices.

• Pope Innocent IVCompared with: The earlier pope’s powerful model helps distinguish Innocent IV’s political and legal legacy.

• Apostolic ConstitutionRelated: His extensive legal and administrative activity exemplifies the growth of papal governance.

• FranciscansRelated: His approval allowed the early Franciscan group to operate within the medieval Church.

• Sack of ConstantinopleRelated: His responses reveal the gap between papal aims and the expedition’s actions.

• Alfonso IX of LeónRelated: He intervened in the dispute over Alfonso’s marriage to Berengaria.

• Pope Honorius IIIRelated: Honorius succeeded Innocent and inherited his crusading plans and claims of papal authority.

• Clare of AssisiRelated: He granted Clare’s community an early privilege to live without property.

• Fifth CrusadeRelated: He summoned the council and preached the campaign, though it began after his death.

• Crusade of 1197Related: His pontificate inherited the unsettled crusading ambitions left by Henry VI’s death.

• History of the papacyRelated: Innocent's interventions across Europe show the reach medieval popes could claim.